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The law on abortion in present-day Ireland was recently described as ‘medieval’; a word intended to convey the meaning that the law was unsophisticated and insufficiently considerate of the interests of pregnant women. This book, however, shows clearly that medieval law on abortion was far from unsophisticated, and nor was it always as ‘pro-life’ as one might have imagined.
The history of San Francisco’s Chinatown following the 1906 earthquake and fire and New Orleans’ public housing following Hurricane Katrina in 2005 reveal how powerful class interests collude with the fog of disaster to lay claim to the urban spaces of the poor and marginal.
Over the last few years the gender history of Renaissance Europe has increasingly turned to the malleability of the body and its connection to unstable gender identities.
This article studies the attitudes and significance of violence between parents and children as they appear in court records of lower courts and Courts of Appeal in early modern Finland.
Chinese labour heroes represent an idiosyncratic expression of a broader twentieth-century phenomenon of promoting worker emulation through the hailing of model labourers.
Perceptions of hospitalization for children shifted from late nineteenth-century care designed to uplift poor children and create better citizens to mid-century attention to children’s emotional and medical needs.
The XXIInd International Congress of Psychology (ICP) in Leipzig in 1980 is a case that illustrates the mutual relationship between science and politics, specifically of the role of science in a communist state.
One feature of nineteenth-century German migrant communities was a dense network of religious and secular ethnic institutions in virtually all destination countries. The article is a microhistorical study of a representative German community in Britain.
Fertility declines across Europe and the Anglo-world have been explained as the result of reversals of intergenerational flows of wealth. According to this theory, the child was transformed from an economically-useful household asset to an emotionally-valued parental burden.
The purpose of this article is to explore the connection between household composition and infant mortality in the first half of the twentieth century in Taiwan.
The study of public values (PVs) is generating growing interest in public administration and public management, yet many challenges and unanswered questions remain. For the study of PVs to progress, we need to go beyond the traditional boundaries of public administration and management, to explore how and why scholars in different disciplines use the concept, and how and where approaches to the concept differ and overlap.
This study shows that in pre-industrial towns life-courses were already different from those in the countryside, and that elderly rather lived without kin. These findings are further detailed, and the gender-specific impacts of the urban and rural, pre-industrial and industrial urban environments are discussed.
Haaretz | Wikimedia Commons
FBI poster seeking information after the disappearance of Goodman, Chaney and Schwerner. Schwerner, the oldest of the three victims, had grown up in a middle-class Jewish family in Pelham, New York. At the time of his murder, he was a graduate student in social work at Columbia University.
Throughout the “long Sixties” a diverse array of Australian activists traveled beyond what was popularly known as the “bamboo curtain” into the People’s Republic of China (PRC). This paper will argue that they found not the monolithic “red menace” presented by media and government, but an often contradictory set of images mediated by their own political agendas and the changing nature of Chinese politics.
In the 1950s, the Committee on Slum Clearance of the City of New York, headed by Robert Moses, published twenty-six site-specific slum clearance brochures. A major portion of each one of these brochures attempted to demonstrate the blighted conditions that prevailed in the area to be redeveloped.
Documentary and geographical evidence about Boston from 1795 to 1801 reveals distinct patterns in poor people’s use of the Boston Almshouse and in their areas of residence within the city. A much higher percentage of Almshouse inmates came from Boston’s densely populated North End than from less urban areas with lower population densities.
This article deals with the critical history of German and Japanese psychiatrists who dreamed of a ‘German world’ that would cross borders. It analyses their discourse, not only by looking at their biographical backgrounds, but also by examining them in a wider context linked to German academic predominance and cultural propaganda before World War II.
This retrospective essay on Tomlins’ The State and Unions assesses the durability of his observations in light of developments over the past quarter century. The decline of unions in the context of minimal protections offered under contemporary labor law seems to fit Tomlins’ thesis that the New Deal offered only a counterfeit liberty to labor.
The mid-eighteenth century is seen as a turning point after which English legal and lay attitudes to cruelty expanded from life-threatening violence to include a wider range of behaviours.
Wendy Churchill’s impressive new book, Female Patients in Early Modern Britain: Gender, Diagnosis, and Treatment, joins this resurgence. The first ‘comprehensive study of female illness and treatment in early modern Britain’, it analyses an unprecedented number of medical casebooks, observations and letters, to ‘reveal how sex and gender influenced medical diagnosis and treatment for female patients during this pivotal period in British medicine’ (p. 14), 1590 to 1740.
LoC
Mrs. Rheta Childe Dorr of New York is one of the prominent members of the Advisory Council of the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage. Mrs. Dorr is a well known writer and speaker. She is the author of “What 8,000,000 Women Want” and was formerly editor of The Suffragist, the official organ of the Congressional Union.
This paper, first, provides an analysis of contemporary anti-immigration activism in the United States, situating it historically and theoretically through an examination of nativism and vigilantism.
Hebb and Vygotsky are two of the most influential figures of psychology in the first half of the twentieth century. They represent cultural and biological approaches to explaining human development, and thus a number of their ideas remain relevant to current psychology and cognitive neuroscience. In this article, we examine similarities and differences between these two important figures, exploring possibilities for a theoretical synthesis between their two literatures, which have had little contact with each other.
This article aims at getting a deeper understanding of gender-specific justification of violence in early modern legal discourse and practice. The analysis focuses on structures and strategies concerning women’s supposed misconduct, disobedience and sexually suspicious acts, and violence related to this.
This article contributes to scholarship on liberal governance during the nineteenth century through the much-neglected area of the public park.
LoC
January 30, 1917
The experience of the 1960s had a profound influence on both politicized cinema and on the critical discourse surrounding it. This article explores that influence and its subsequent legacy in the comparative contexts of Brazil and Europe. In Europe the most striking developments were to be seen in France after 1968, most particularly in the “revolutionary cinema” of Jean-Luc Godard during his involvement with the Dziga-Vertov Group.
Psychiatric settings have frequently provided ideal observation sites for anthropologists studying expressions of distress in relation to cultural, social and political transformations. Often the focus has been on culture-specific symptoms and diagnoses and the ways that western psychiatric systems are indigenised to non-western countries. This particular study, however, achieves more: it provides captivating and occasionally upsetting views of life and the self in the north-eastern part of Greece.
Nearly forty years ago, the City of Berkeley’s progressive activists and elected officials began an effort to use city government to develop democratic, community-controlled housing that would not be subject to the market and would assist in building a movement for social justice.
The semantics of pain are an important and interesting aspect of any language. Ancient Greek and Latin had multiple words for pain, which makes scrutinizing different meanings problematic.
Using as a case study the scandalous marriage of a twelfth-century abbess, this article will demonstrate the flaws in Duby’s argument, and also we can learn about medieval marriage, and medieval society more broadly, by applying this new approach.
The decades around 1900 were crucial in the evolution of modern medical and social sciences, and in the formation of various national health services systems. The modern fields of psychiatry and mental health care are located at the intersection of these spheres. There emerged concepts, practices, and institutions that marked responses to challenges posed by urbanization, industrialization, and the formation of the nation-state. These psychiatric responses were locally distinctive, and yet at the same time established influential models with an international impact. In spite of rising nationalism in Europe, the intellectual, institutional, and material resources that emerged in the various local and national contexts were rapidly observed to have had an impact beyond any national boundaries. In numerous ways, innovations were adopted and refashioned for the needs and purposes of new national and local systems.
Opium is one of the most useful and complex drugs in medical history. Made from the juice of the unripe seed capsule of the opium poppy, it contains several valuable alkaloids. Three of these, morphine, codeine, and thebaine—the last when processed into semisynthetic opioids like oxycodone—have potent analgesic effects.
In World War I, an unprecedented number of soldiers were suffering from nervous disturbances, known as war psychoneuroses. Mechanisms of commotion, emotion, and suggestion were defined in order to explain these disturbances.
This article examines the formulation, application, and effects of Article 31 of Law 14.394, which introduced absolute divorce into Argentina, albeit briefly: the law was passed in December 1954 and ‘suspended’ in March 1956.
Anglophone psychology shares its vocabulary with several other subjects. Some of the more obvious subjects that have parts of their vocabulary in common with Anglophone psychology include biology (e.g., dominance), chemistry (e.g., isomorphism), philosophy (e.g., phenomenology), and theology (e.g., mediator).
The paper argues that medical colonisation altered social stratification on the island and participated in making Puerto Rico ‘safe’ for colonial capital.