Ontario Government Funding and Supervision of Infants’ Homes 1875-1893
Plans to end the Great Depression from the American public
Thousands of letters proposing economic recovery plans were written by workers and by the public in general to the Roosevelt administration. A survey of the recovery plan letters indicates that almost all of the letters make sense from an economic point of view and that a large proportion made suggestions that had the possibility of having a positive effect on economic recovery.
Talkin’ Bout My Generation’: Political Orientations and Activities of a Cohort of Canadian University Students in the Mid-Sixties
Democratizing mental health: Motherhood, therapeutic community and the emergence of the psychiatric family at the Cassel Hospital in post-Second World War Britain
Shortly following the Second World War, and under the medical direction of ex-army psychiatrist T. F. Main, the Cassel Hospital for Functional Nervous Disorders emerged as a pioneering democratic ‘therapeutic community’ in the treatment of mental illness. This definitive movement away from conventional ‘custodial’ assumptions about the function of the psychiatric hospital initially grew out of a commitment to sharing therapeutic responsibility between patients and staff and to preserving patients’ pre-admission responsibilities and social identities.
Dedicated followers of fashion: peacock fashion and the roots of the new American man, 1960–70
Shutting down ‘Big Brown’: Reassessing the 1997 UPS strike and the fate of American labor
In the summer of 1997, organized labor won a major strike against United Parcel Service. Staying out for just over two weeks, more than 185,000 members of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT) crippled UPS’s operations, securing pay increases and more full-time positions as a result. At the time, observers widely predicted that the strike would lead to a revival of organized labor’s fortunes, especially as it showed that American unions could still win public support.
Still Connected: Family and Friends in America since 1970
Quilts: Moral Economies and Matrilineages
Glasgow’s ‘sick society’?: James Halliday, psychosocial medicine and medical holism in Britain c.1920–48
Children and Agency: Religion as Socialisation in Late Antiquity and the Late Medieval West
The aim of the paper is to present a new approach to the study of pre-modern children and childhood. By exploiting concepts of modern childhood studies, particularly socialisation and agency, we intend to shift the focus from ‘childhood’ and parental attitudes to children’s own experience and action.
Inflation and Marriage in Israel
Backing Dr King: the financial transformation of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1963
Secret suffering: the victims of compulsory sterilization during National Socialism
From the second half of the 19th century, eugenics claimed the medical and social need to intervene in human reproduction. During National Socialism, 300,000–400,000 people in Germany were subjected to compulsory sterilization because they had psychological diseases, impairments and social behavioural problems, which were regarded as genetically determined.
The Death of Frank Wilson: Race, Crime, and Punishment in Post-Civil War Pennsylvania
Liberals in space: the 1960s politics of Star Trek
Among television programs of the late 1960s Star Trek was somewhat anomalous in tackling philosophical and political themes, and in doing so in a consistently liberal voice. Its statements, however, reveal not only the highest aspirations of the period’s liberal project, but also the limitations and unresolved tensions of that approach.
Promiscuous Intimacies: Rethinking the History of American Casual Sex
Victorian Women, Unwed Mothers and the London Foundling Hospital
The invention of the psychosocial: An introduction
Although the compound adjective ‘psychosocial’ was first used by academic psychologists in the 1890s, it was only in the interwar period that psychiatrists, psychologists and social workers began to develop detailed models of the psychosocial domain. These models marked a significant departure from earlier ideas of the relationship between society and human nature.
The History of the Fabian Society (1916)
Designating Dependency: The Socially Inadequate in the United States, 1910–1940
This article examines the use of “socially inadequate” as a label for the dependent poor in the United States, 1910–40. It analyses the dense meanings that were given to this term and the political significance that the label “socially inadequate” gained in relation to sterilization and immigration policy.
The Plight of Gay Visibility: Intolerance in San Francisco, 1970–1979
Between Class War on All Fronts and Anti-Political Autonomy: The Contested Place of Politics in the Working-Class Movements of Leipzig and Lyon during the Inter-War Years
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This article investigates the contested boundaries of the political within the working-class movements in Leipzig and Lyon at the end of the Weimar Republic and during the Popular Front. What the appropriate issues and places of politics should be was a question that was highly contested among the organisations of the local working-class movements in both cities.
Nomads of the Depression
Not your average fraternal organization: the IBPOEW and labor activism, 1935–1950
In writing about working-class activism, scholars frequently study labor organizations and workplaces from which African Americans have been mostly excluded. Consequently, the uniqueness of black labor activism is not captured and is often misinterpreted. This article posits that black fraternal organizations, specifically the Improved, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of the World (IBPOEW), offer an alternative site for studying black workers and their struggles for employment during the 1930s and 1940s.
Oor Mad History: A Community History of the Lothian Mental Health Service Users Movement
Transnational Psychiatries: Social and Cultural Histories of Psychiatry in Comparative Perspective c. 1800-2000
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The research programme sketched out in the introduction of Transnational Psychiatries is important and timely. Too often, the editors claim, histories of psychiatry (and histories of medicine in general) have limited their scope to specific national contexts, despite the fact that physicians have always built and maintained international networks through which information, theories, practices and technologies have been disseminated.
Hillbilly nationalists, urban race rebels and black power: community organizing in radical times
Americanism and anti-communism: the UAW and repressive liberalism before the red scare
The relationship between Communism and Americanism during the Popular Front period is now largely perceived as a positive one. By promoting the idea that Communism was an extension of specifically American political traditions, the argument runs, Communists were able to advance their participation in the unions and in a left-oriented cultural-political alliance with broad popular appeal. Against this perspective, this article . . .
The toxic oil syndrome as a catalyst to psychiatric reform in Spain (1981-85)
Archive for the history of psychology in Spain
Racial experiments in psychiatry’s provinces: Richard S Lyman and his colleagues in China and the American South, 1932-51
‘Irresistible impulse’: historicizing a judicial innovation in Australian insanity jurisprudence
Hebephrenia: a conceptual history
This paper traces the conceptual history of hebephrenia from the late nineteenth century until it became firmly embedded into modern psychiatric classification systems. During this examination of the origins and the historical context of hebephrenia it will be demonstrated how it became inextricably linked with twentieth-century notions of schizophrenia.
Colombian approaches to psychology in the 19th century
Colombian intellectuals of the 19th century widely consulted scientific psychology in regard to their political, religious, and educational interests. Colombian independence from Spain (1810) introduced the necessity of transforming the former subjects into illustrious citizens and members of a modern state.
Wilbur J. Cohen | Government Official, Educator, Social Welfare Expertt
Gender contracts in Estonian coastal farming families, 1870–1939
This paper deals with families that lived on the North West coast of Estonia from 1870 to 1939. This period involved a successive transition to a monetary economy for the family farmer and an increasing need for cash to be able to pay rents and debts arising from land purchases. A farm perspective is used to show the complexity of effects of societal changes on the gender division of labour.
Microcosms of Migration: Children and Early Medieval Population Movement
Our 137 Year Commitment to the Safety and Well Being of Children
Irish Catholic Identity in 1870s Otago, New Zealand
The other alliance: student protest in West Germany and the United States in the global Sixties
Building a just and secure world: popular front women’s struggle for peace and justice in Chicago during the 1960s
Emaciated, Exhausted, and Excited: The Bodies and Minds of the Irish in Late Nineteenth-Century Lancashire Asylums
Drawing on asylum admission records, casebooks, annual reports, and notebooks recording the settlement of Irish patients, this article examines a deeply traumatic and enduring aspect of the Irish migration experience, the confinement of large numbers of Irish migrants in the Lancashire asylum system in the late nineteenth century.
Little Albert: A neurologically impaired child
Evidence collected by Beck, Levinson, and Irons (2009) indicates that Albert B., the “lost” infant subject of John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner’s (1920) famous conditioning study, was Douglas Merritte (1919–1925). Following the finding that Merritte died early with hydrocephalus, questions arose as to whether Douglas’s condition was congenital, rather than acquired in 1922, as cited on his death certificate.
Madness is civilization: when the diagnosis was social, 1948–1980
From Melancholia to Prozac: A History of Depression
Fifty years ago, the number of people diagnosed with depression was relatively modest. At present, by contrast, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that no less than one in ten Americans suffer from this condition, or well over thirty million. What is responsible for such a far reaching transformation?