Differences of Smoking Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Between Medical and Non-medical Students

Previous studies in the world reported inconsistent results about the relationship of medical professional education with
medical students’ smoking behaviors, and no similar research had been published in China.

This paper aims to explore whether the differences of smoking-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors existed between
medical and non-medical undergraduate students.

Eight thousand one hundred thirty-eight undergraduate students sampled from a university in Guangzhou were investigated with
a self-administered structured questionnaire about their smoking-related knowledge, attitude and behaviors, and other relevant
factors. General linear model and multinomial logistic regression were conducted to test the differences in smoking-related
knowledge, attitude, and behaviors between medical and non-medical students while controlling for potential confounding variables.

There was no difference in smoking-related knowledge scores between medical and non-medical freshmen, but medical sophomores
and juniors had higher scores of smoking-related knowledge than their non-medical counterparts. The medical sophomores had
higher mean score of attitudes towards smoking than non-medical ones. Before entering university, the difference in the prevalence
of experimental and regular smoking between medical and non-medical college students was not significant. After entering university,
in contrast, the overall prevalence of regular smoking was significantly higher among male non-medical college students than
among male medical students. Stratified by current academic year, this difference was significant only among male sophomores.

Medical students have higher smoking-related knowledge, stronger anti-smoking attitude, and lower prevalence of regular smoking
than non-medical college students of similar age, which may be associated with medical professional education.