Alfred Adler developed Individual Psychology as a comprehensive model for understanding personality development and guiding psychological treatment. Adler emphasized the central role of social functioning in his views of optimal mental health. Adler’s developmental views highlighted the role of inferiority feelings that create a striving to overcome perceived obstacles. In Adler’s model, optimal functioning is guided by cooperation and compassion toward others. Many of the issues that were confronted by Adler remain highly relevant today, and they provide useful guidance regardless of a therapist’s theoretical orientation. The present paper uses a simulated interview format to highlight Adler’s theory of psychology and central ideas about psychotherapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)