Establishing a Professional Profile of Community Health Workers: Results from a National Study of Roles, Activities and Training

Community Health Workers (CHWs) have gained national recognition for their role in addressing health disparities and are increasingly
integrated into the health care delivery system. There is a lack of consensus, however, regarding empirical evidence on the
impact of CHW interventions on health outcomes. In this paper, we present results from the 2010 National Community Health
Worker Advocacy Survey (NCHWAS) in an effort to strengthen a generalized understanding of the CHW profession that can be integrated
into ongoing efforts to improve the health care delivery system. Results indicate that regardless of geographical location,
work setting, and demographic characteristics, CHWs generally share similar professional characteristics, training preparation,
and job activities. CHWs are likely to be female, representative of the community they serve, and to work in community health
centers, clinics, community-based organizations, and health departments. The most common type of training is on-the-job and
conference training. Most CHWs work with clients, groups, other CHWs and less frequently community leaders to address health
issues, the most common of which are chronic disease, prevention and health care access. Descriptions of CHW activities documented
in the survey demonstrate that CHWs apply core competencies in a synergistic manner in an effort to assure that their clients
get the services they need. NCHWAS findings suggest that over the past 50 years, the CHW field has become standardized in
response to the unmet needs of their communities. In research and practice, the field would benefit from being considered
a health profession rather than an intervention.