Pediatric primary care providers (PPCPs) are increasingly being called on to assess children and adolescents for emotional and behavioral disorders, as well as to manage their care. The authors present the results of a survey of PPCPs regarding their comfort in assessing or diagnosing and treating or managing 19 emotional and behavioral problems, their expectations of how reasonable it is for PPCPs to assess and treat disorders, the actions they would take, barriers they face, and interest in developing formal relationships with mental health specialists. The authors discuss implications and opportunities for psychologists. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)