news, new scholarship & more from around the world
In this article the effect of ideological changes in political parties (catch-all process) and in their recruitment patterns (professionalization) on the party affiliation of working-class politicians is investigated in Belgium, both for Members of Parliament (MPs) and for candidates.
During the heroic age of Antarctic exploration, a number of the early explorers developed psychiatric illness either in the Antarctic or shortly after leaving it. Most of these were psychotic illnesses and stress reactions.
Popular depictions of 20th-century American motherhood have typically emphasized the joy and fulfillment that a new mother can expect to experience on her child’s arrival. But starting in the 1950s, discussions of the “baby blues” began to appear in the popular press. How did articles about the baby blues, and then postpartum depression, challenge these rosy depictions?
In this breath-taking work of scholarly inquiry, C. F. Goodey demonstrates, and demonstrates with a forensic precision, that our modern understandings of ‘intellectual disability’ are the highly contingent, and even accidental, outcomes of various historical processes, which crystallised only around 400 years ago.
This article considers the advent of psychiatric services for children in independent Ireland through the establishment of the first state-funded child guidance clinic in the mid-1950s. Ireland was somewhat late to embrace the child guidance model which had originated in the USA at the turn of the century, mainly because it challenged traditional notions of child welfare and juvenile justice and provided an alternative to institutional care, the responsibility for which was vested in the Catholic Church.
Since both anthropological psychiatry and social psychiatry are based on a person-centred approach, it was hypothesized that common roots are to be detected in what is called humanistic psychology.
Social History
‘When I die, I want to be buried with her’
The private papers of the philosopher-psychologist, William James, indicate that he frequented several mental healers during his life, undertaking 100–200 therapeutic sessions concerning a range of symptoms from angina to insomnia. The success of the mind-cure movement constituted for James both a corroboration, and an extension, of the new research into the subconscious self and the psychogenesis of disease.
Mind, Self, and Society, the posthumously published volume by which George Herbert Mead is primarily known, poses acute problems of interpretation so long as scholarship does not consider the actual process of its construction.
How did behavioralism, one of the most influential approaches to the academic study of politics in the twentieth century, become so prominent so quickly?
Shell shock is perhaps the UK’s most evocative psychiatric diagnosis. With growing historical interest in the experience of being a soldier, it has come to represent the emotions of trench warfare.
During the 1984–1985 British miners’ strike and in its immediate aftermath, women activists produced a series of publications involving creative writing, which sought to communicate the strike from their own perspective.
Jan Goldstein’s study of an obscure medical case from 1820s France is both a fascinating micro-history and a revealing reflection on the practice of working with archival material.
The psychology of Antarctic explorers and groups in Antarctic bases has been much studied in recent years, and current knowledge has been summarized in a review by Palinkas and Suedenfeld (2008).
The Origins Project is an online interactive timeline populated with events significant to the development of psychology, particularly within the British context. A work in progress, more events and resources will be added to the timeline in the coming months.
A thorough review of nineteenth-century Russian psychiatry is presented, followed by a short biographical account of Kandinsky’s personal life.
Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, Tourette’s, multiple sclerosis, stroke: all are neurological illnesses that create dysfunction, distress, and disability. With their symptoms ranging from impaired movement and paralysis to hallucinations and dementia, neurological patients present myriad puzzling disorders and medical challenges.
The Freud Museum, at 20 Maresfield Gardens in Hampstead, was the home of Sigmund Freud and his family when they escaped Nazi annexation of Austria in 1938.
Using a combination of brief case studies and statistical analysis of probate disputes in eighteenth-century England, this article argues for an expanded interpretation of Georgian family life—an interpretation that understands the tugs and pulls of siblinghood. In the eighteenth century, emerging ideas about social equality based on idealized siblinghood tangled with engrained family hierarchies to produce messy, constantly shifting, sibling politics.
Not many of you will know of the formation recently of a new professional association…. It is the professional Association of Canadian Social Workers, and its formation will perhaps be the first indication to many that the problems of inequalities and human relationship which arise from and live to burden our social structure have evolved a profession of social workers to meet them — a professions with a technique all its own, demanding rigorous training, and a code of ethics and standards to be lived up to. (Official announcement of the establishment of the Canadian Association of Social Workers).
We begin with a description of Oncology Social Work,(Association of Oncology Social Workers, 2001) and its role in helping cancer patients and their families. Next, important historical developments are reviewed: the birth of medical social work in hospitals in the early
20th Century;(I M Cannon, 1923) the medical improvements in the 1940’s in treating cancer, and the shift to a consumer oriented American Cancer Society pushing a greater role for the federal government in funding cancer research. Oncology Social Work came to full blossom in the 1970’s, a result of the physicians’ need for a member of the health care team who understood cancer, treatment, and the patient’s need to address their psychosocial needs.
Oncology Social Work is today a fully developed profession with its national organization that provides education and support to the oncology social workers’ use of multiple psychosocial interventions for cancer patients and their families
National Archives Podcast. This talk takes a look at the army of civil servants, temporary clerks, registrars, enumerators and others, and the part they played in this astonishing feat of organisation once a decade.
This podcast takes researchers through the various stages of the criminal justice system of the period and focusses on the various records created, from the commission of a crime, through the court processes and on to the records of punishment.
This article provides an analysis of the techniques, methods, materials, and discourses of child study observation to illuminate its role in the sociohistorical colonization of childhood.
Historians and psychiatrists have repeatedly looked to both real and imagined individuals of the past, like Achilles and Samuel Pepys, and found evidence that they were suffering from symptoms of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder. The assumptions that allow such historical “diagnoses” have, however, recently been called into question by philosophers such as Ian Hacking, anthropologists like Allan Young and psychiatrists such as Patrick Bracken.
This picture shows P.H.N.’s, nutritionists, nurse midwives, head group leaders of the institute and mental health consultants reviewing lesson plans, schedule of activities, the midwife certificate of registration, and birth certificate.
www.nassembly.org
Executives of twelve leading national social work organizations began regular monthly meetings in 1920. Formally organized in 1923, the National Social Work Council (NSWC) held meetings and conferences until 1945 when, upon revision of its by-laws, the Council expanded its functions and became the National Social Welfare Assembly.
Adoption History Project
In the Hampstead Nursery shelter during World War II, where Anna Freud and Dorothy Burlingham observed firsthand the damage done to children by separation and lack of attachment.
NAA A1501, A6546/1 | C Bottomley
Mr S D Gokhale, Assistant Secretary General of the International Conference of Social Work, for South-East Asia and the Western Pacific Region, believes many of Australia’s social and welfare services could be adapted to Asian needs. Mr Gokhale has been in Melbourne for the fourth annual conference of the Australian Council of Social Service. Mr Gokhale (right), seen at the Melbourne conference of the Australian Council of Social Service, with the Secretary-General of the Australian Red Cross, Mr L G Stubbings (centre), and member of the Parliament for Papua New Guinea, Mr Lepani Watson, a former social worker.
www.acosa.org
Chronology of Evolving Structure and Key Events From the 1960s to 1992
Library of Congress | New York: Federal Art Project, 1936 or 1937
Poster promoting better living conditions by keeping tenement neighborhoods clean.
Adoption History Project
Sophie van Senden Theis (left) bringing Martha to Jessie Taft (right). Also pictured are Bobby Ueland (the adopted son of Elsa Ueland, another leading social worker) and Taft’s adopted son, Everett. Sophie was the first genuine adoption professional and researcher in the history of the United States. She was best known for her pioneering outcome study, How Foster Children Turn Out, published in 1924, in which Theis documented what had become of 910 children placed in homes by the New York State Charities Aid Association between 1898 and 1922. It was the first large-scale inquiry of its kind, became the prototype for many later outcome studies, and is still cited as a landmark in the history of adoption research.
Medical Arts and Photography Branch, National Institutes of Health
NAA CP211/2, 74/9
British youth migrants being taught how to ring bark a tree at the Salvation Army Training Farm for Boys at Riverview, Queensland.
National Conference on Social Welfare Proceedings
www.nlm.nih.gov
Texas Department of Health [ca. 1986]
www.nlm.nih.gov
National Conference on Social Welfare Proceedings
California: Federal Art Project | Library of Congress
Poster for Federal Theatre Project presentation of “The Sun Rises in the West” at the Mayan Theatre, showing a plow among weeds and a dilapidated farm building.
www.legacy.com
She tried teaching, furniture design, and social work, but nothing truly stuck – until she discovered the women’s suffrage movement.
Work Projects Administration Poster Collection (Library of Congress)
Poster shows a young woman holding books and a young man holding machine parts, with factories and city skyline below
United States Army. Social Hygiene Division | Images from the History of Medicine
During the First World War, a tension developed between “social hygiene” reformers, who condemned illicit sexual behavior and emphasized education as the key to fighting venereal diseases, and more pragmatic medical officers who promoted prophylactic stations for the treatment of venereal diseases on military bases. This 1918 poster illustrates a common message promoted by social hygienists, who worked vigorously to close down red-light districts in American cities and to educate soldiers about refraining from sexual activity.
Gottscho-Schleisner Collection (Library of Congress)
1933 Mar. 10.
Ohio WPA Art Program | LoC Prints & Photographs Division
The Work Projects Administration is cooperating in the national campaign to stamp out syphilis
Gottscho-Schleisner Collection (Library of Congress)