History (4,555 posts)

Google | NY School of Philanthropy

Devine & Van Kleeck

LSE | A.M.N. Pringle

Brown University/Center for Digital Initiatives | American Issue Pub. Co.|

E Vandervelde

Remarkably little has been written about the history of traffic accidents—a strange omission since, as numerous commentators have pointed out, many more people died in the twentieth century as a result of road crashes than combined fatalities, military and civilian, during two world wars.

LSE

G Nicholls

This article explores the competing constructions of shell shock in New Zealand during and after the Great War. It begins by considering the army’s construction of shell shock as a discipline problem, before going on to consider the medical profession’s attempts to place it within a somatic and then psychogenic paradigm. While shell shock was initially viewed as a psychogenic condition in New Zealand, within a few years of the end of the war it had become increasingly subject to medical understandings of the psychiatric profession, who dominated the treatment of the mentally ill.

research.ncl.ac.uk

This is a detail of the 1871 large scale Ordnance Survey map of the Charing Cross and Trafalgar Square area.

The concept of the sick role was introduced into sociology in 1951 and was widely used in medical sociology. A sick person at that time would assume a special social role that permitted him or her to deviate from his or her normal social roles.

Collection 9/11 Memorial Museum. Gift of NYU Child Study Center | J Harrattan

In historical research, stem family arrangements are regarded as a classic context for the exertion of paternal power and authority. Inheritance practice has hitherto been considered a crucial basis for stem family households, but this paper emphasizes the significance of marital property law, as an instrument for further reinforcing paternal authority by means of patrilineal logics and the vertical orientation derived from these.

By discussing their narratives together in this book the author wishes to ‘expose the centrality of domestic practices to the shaping of imperial medical culture’ (p. 4).

In nineteenth-century science, the emotions played a crucial role in explaining the social behavior of animals and human beings.

research.ncl.ac.uk

St Martin’s Workhouse admissions ticked for Mary Snider, 16th March 1798.

At the American Civil War’s end, President Andrew Johnson affirmed the federal government’s commitment to disabled veterans, intoning that ‘a grateful people will not hesitate to sanction any measures having for their relief of soldiers mutilated . . . in the effort to preserve our national existence’ (p. 2).

This critical narrative history examines the development of sociology in the United States during what has come to be labeled as the Progressive Era, roughly the years from the 1890s to World War I.

This interdisciplinary article explores the early history of heliotherapy (natural sunlight therapy) on the Côte d’Azur through its visual culture. It concentrates on images, and the texts within which they appear, of children undergoing heliotherapy dating to the First World War, as a way into examining the significance of the cure during a period of perceived national degeneration.

D Harris | Guardian

RD Laing, the radical psychiatrist opened a centre in London in 1965 that aimed to revolutionise the treatment of mental illness. Kingsley Hall soon became notorious for drugs, wild parties, therapy and mystics. Almost five decades on, photographer Dominic Harris has tracked down former residents, visited them, photographed them and interviewed them. The result is a self-published photography book, The Residents, which includes Harris’s intimate portraits, as well as personal testimonies of those who were there.

Guardian | K Robinson

‘A radical moment’: Kingsley Hall residents, 1965.

Of special interest are the acknowledged influences of Surrealism’s leading representative. Why did André Breton, in his mythical love affair with Freudianism, systematically silence his indebtedness to the Janetian model of the mind?

In The Demographics of Empire, Dennis Cordell suggests that postmodern and postcolonial theories have led the study of African historical demography, on decline in the 1990s, into a period of renaissance. He argues that scholars are “responding to and profiting from the challenges presented by these theoretical perspectives” that have cast doubt on demographic studies of the African past.

research.ncl.ac.uk

Part of the St Martin’s Workhouse was depicted in a picture by T. H. Shepherd in 1850

SSA

When President Roosevelt submitted his Social Security proposal to Congress in January 1935, he also transmitted draft legislation, entitled the Economic Security Bill. The Administration’s bill was introduced in the House by Congressmen Doughton and Lewis and in the Senate by Senator Wagner. This draft bill was the starting point for the legislative consideration of Social Security in 1935.

Many of those considered to be insane in the past were regarded as paupers and so came within the ambit of the poor law. Little work has yet been published on the ways in which the poor law dealt with the psychologically disturbed during the era of the old poor law.

LSE | C Abbott

The history of Freemasonry in Poland is linked with the national independence movement. Masonic organizations supported its ideas, even though they were not always compliant with Masonic ethics. Polish Freemasonry was reborn in 1920, with an important role played by three psychiatrists.

Austere and prolonged fasting among Shangqing Daoist priestesses (Daogu) of the Tang Dynasty (618–907) occurred as part of a lifestyle practice to achieve a mystical state of afterlife existence, body immortality and residence in the Shangqing heavenly kingdom

Brown University Library | Boston, Mass.: Scientific Temperance Federation, 1930?

Thomas Gibson’s plan for a workhouse as included in Henry Fielding, Proposal for Making Effectual Provision for the Poor, 1753. © London Lives.

Boston, Mass.Westerville, Ohio: Scientific Temperance Federation American Issue Publishing Company, 1913 | Brown University Library

In the last quarter of the 1930s, Carney Landis, an associate professor of psychology at Columbia University affiliated with the Psychiatric Institute of New York, headed a Committee for Research in Problems of Sex-funded research project in which he conducted interviews with 100 women between the ages of 18 and 35 who self-identified as physically disabled.

Johns Hopkins

1920’s Johns Hopkins Social Services Car – used to transport patients back and forth to the hospital.

This introduction to the Special Section of History of Psychology argues for greater attention to psychological research on sex in the decades before the publication of the Kinsey volumes.

LoC | Wellcome Images/Wellcome Library

A large gentleman with a walking stick

By Albert J. Kennedy
(from a speech Mr. Kennedy made in 1953 for the National Conference of Social Work. Mr. Kennedy was born in 1879 and was a chronicler of the settlement movement in the United States for which he compiled the 1911 Handbook of Settlements. He died in 1968 at the age of 89.)

White killers of African Americans in New Orleans between 1921 and 1945, nearly half of whom were policemen, insisted that they acted in self-defense, only after their victims had threatened them, often by reaching for weapons. But many of their victims were unarmed.

The politics of Canadian left nationalism, opposition to the war in Vietnam, and critiques of US imperialism occupied shared, overlapping, and in many cases intersecting intellectual and cultural space in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

This article examines the treatment of prostitution in several genres of Ottoman legal writing—manuals and commentaries of Islamic jurisprudence, fatwās (legal opinions) and kānūnnāmes (Sultanic legislation)

Firearms became a key part of boy and male youth culture in English Canada before the Great War. By the 1890s, imperialist sentiments had infused the growing interest in hunting, advocates of which celebrated the value of rifle shooting by suggesting that it made boys into ideal British men.

LSE

Written collectively by W.C. Anderson, Ramsay MacDonald, George Bernard Shaw, and the Webbs in 1912 includes a leaflet for a meeting at the Royal Albert Hall

Benjamin Sheer | Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. Reproduction Number: LC-USZC2-5647

Until the start of the twentieth century, the occupational structure of Jews in Amsterdam can be described as an ethnic-enclave economy, heavily concentrated in the trading and diamond industries. By 1941, however, Jews had taken advantage of other occupational opportunities, increasing their presence significantly within the new middle class that had begun to emerge during the Industrial Revolution.

PRESIDENT WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT on April 9, 1912 put
his signature to a bill passed by the congress creating in the Federal Government a Children’s Bureau charged with investigating and reporting “upon all matters pertaining to the welfare of children and child life among all classes of our people.”