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The research programme sketched out in the introduction of Transnational Psychiatries is important and timely. Too often, the editors claim, histories of psychiatry (and histories of medicine in general) have limited their scope to specific national contexts, despite the fact that physicians have always built and maintained international networks through which information, theories, practices and technologies have been disseminated.
The relationship between Communism and Americanism during the Popular Front period is now largely perceived as a positive one. By promoting the idea that Communism was an extension of specifically American political traditions, the argument runs, Communists were able to advance their participation in the unions and in a left-oriented cultural-political alliance with broad popular appeal. Against this perspective, this article . . .
In 1981 Spain had an outbreak of a previously unknown disease. It became known as ‘toxic oil syndrome’ and it not only caused many deaths but also involved an alarming range of symptoms, with many patients suffering from mental problems, which left many of the victims disabled.
The worldwide expansion of psychiatry as a science at times followed pathways already laid by Christian medical missions to cultures seen as disadvantaged by sponsors. Interracial contacts were one outcome, and racial issues gained visibility in psychiatric inquiry and treatment.
In twentieth-century Australian criminal law a distinctive departure from the M’Naghten Rules developed as a critique of the discourse of reasoning and verdicts applying in the relevant English trials from the 1880s.
This paper traces the conceptual history of hebephrenia from the late nineteenth century until it became firmly embedded into modern psychiatric classification systems. During this examination of the origins and the historical context of hebephrenia it will be demonstrated how it became inextricably linked with twentieth-century notions of schizophrenia.
Colombian intellectuals of the 19th century widely consulted scientific psychology in regard to their political, religious, and educational interests. Colombian independence from Spain (1810) introduced the necessity of transforming the former subjects into illustrious citizens and members of a modern state.
This paper deals with families that lived on the North West coast of Estonia from 1870 to 1939. This period involved a successive transition to a monetary economy for the family farmer and an increasing need for cash to be able to pay rents and debts arising from land purchases. A farm perspective is used to show the complexity of effects of societal changes on the gender division of labour.
This paper discusses the participation of children in migration during the Viking Age. While the written evidence is limited, it, nonetheless, reveals the presence of children alongside the viking armies and their involvement in the acculturation process, especially older children.
New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children
This article outlines the progress made by Bishop Patrick Moran (1823–1895) in standardising doctrinal practices of Irish Catholic immigrants in New Zealand in the 1870s.
Drawing on asylum admission records, casebooks, annual reports, and notebooks recording the settlement of Irish patients, this article examines a deeply traumatic and enduring aspect of the Irish migration experience, the confinement of large numbers of Irish migrants in the Lancashire asylum system in the late nineteenth century.
Evidence collected by Beck, Levinson, and Irons (2009) indicates that Albert B., the “lost” infant subject of John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner’s (1920) famous conditioning study, was Douglas Merritte (1919–1925). Following the finding that Merritte died early with hydrocephalus, questions arose as to whether Douglas’s condition was congenital, rather than acquired in 1922, as cited on his death certificate.
Fifty years ago, the number of people diagnosed with depression was relatively modest. At present, by contrast, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that no less than one in ten Americans suffer from this condition, or well over thirty million. What is responsible for such a far reaching transformation?
This article analyses medical admissions to asylums via both case notes and other sources such as newspaper reports, revealing the responses of medical superintendents to their former colleagues and, in some cases, the judgements of practitioners on their institutional surroundings.
Most of them were relatively old women, single, and a quarter had children out of wedlock. Disease was prevalent, mortality was high and many of them had physical or psychological handicaps.
Michael Staub’s Madness is Civilization is about an era that ended just thirty years ago. Yet, the views it features seem as culturally distant from current psychiatric thought as do such topics as phrenology, neurasthenia or magnetism.
Vidal’s ultimate goal in this ambitious, erudite and stimulating book is to overturn the myth that the discipline of psychology emerged in the nineteenth century by tracing its career within European intellectual history from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries.
LoC | LC-USF34- 026933-D Arthur Rothstein
The most important foci of social resistance to the dictatorship were the workers’ organizations, the student and nationalist movements.
Potent antiretroviral drugs (ART) have changed the nature of AIDS, a once deadly disease, into a manageable illness and offer the promise of reducing the spread of HIV. But the pandemic continues to expand and cause significant morbidity and devastation to families and nations as ART cannot be distributed worldwide to all who need the drugs to treat their infections, prevent HIV transmission, or serve as prophylaxis.
This article looks at ideologies of motherhood within the welfare rights movement of the late 1960s and the anti-busing struggle of the early 1970s, primarily focusing on Boston.
LoC | LC-USF34- 082851-C John Collier
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Roy Lubove (1966)
Ernest Simons Bishop (1920)
By focusing on a wide range of topics such as urban utopias, tango lyrics, literature, physical education, and female clothing, alongside the emergence of a culture of hygiene, Armus asserts, ‘my intent is to show how the disease deeply affected and was affected by multiple spheres of life in modern Buenos Aires’
LoC | LC-USF34- 043887-D Jack Delano
Most students enter introductory or abnormal psychology courses with a naively realist concept of what constitutes mental illness, and most textbooks do little to complicate this understanding. The tendency to reify the various diagnostic categories of the mental health disciplines into stable and independent illnesses is ever present.
From the Great Depression through the historic Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court ruling in 1954, the way that American teachers understood and taught about race in the classroom underwent a paradigmatic shift.
This study examines the intergenerational transmission of fertility behavior in Saba, Dutch Caribbean from 1876 to 2004 using reconstituted genealogies.
The cinematographic skills of Wright and director Michael Hankinson, together with their reformist agenda, created a clinical presentation that emphasized achievements without acknowledging the limitations not only of the therapies offered by doctors but also the resources available to a nation at war.
This paper utilises the fragmentary child mortuary record of the Early Helladic Peloponnese to approach the social identity of children during this period.
Thomas Szasz: I present a brief overview of the history of psychiatric criticism, followed by a critique of modern objections to diverse psychiatric practices.
This article explores the approach of dementia paralytica by psychiatrists in the Netherlands between 1870 and 1920 against the background of international developments.
Acknowledging the power of the id-drives, Freud held on to the authority of reason as the ego’s best tool to control instinctual desire. He thereby placed analytic reason at the foundation of his own ambivalent social theory, which, on the one hand, held utopian promise based upon psychoanalytic insight, and, on the other hand, despaired of reason’s capacity to control the self-destructive elements of the psyche.
The paper tries to examine the intensity and possible influencing factors of remarriages in two distant communities of historic Hungary during the 19th century. It uses longitudinal data gained from parish registers and family reconstitution method and event history models for the analysis of remarriage.
Because it has no value, understood by Marx in this context to mean labor value, air cannot be a commodity.
This article explores the overlapping and conflicting points of contact between ‘consumerism’, collectivism and participation in Britain’s National Health Service during a period of relatively well-funded expansion during the economic ‘golden age’ of the 1960s and 1970s.
In the mid-1970s, indoor sex workers were pushed outdoors onto the streets of Vancouver’s emergent gay West End, where a small stroll had operated for several years. While some gay activists contemplated solidarity with diversely gendered and racialized sex workers, others galvanized a campaign, alongside business owners, realtors, police, city councillors, and politicians to expel prostitution from their largely white, middle-class enclave.