In September 2011, the Office for Research on Disparities and Global Mental Health (ORDGMH) in the Office of the Director and the Division of Services and Intervention Research (DSIR) at NIMH convened a workshop, “Closing the Gaps: Reducing Disparities in Mental Health Treatment through Engagement.” This workshop brought together thought leaders from a range of fields—epidemiology, psychology, psychiatry, social work, and community-based services and intervention research—and representatives of key federal agencies to discuss the role of engagement in reducing mental health treatment disparities.