Among the 94 Calls to Action in the final report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada was the need for more data on Indigenous children in foster care to highlight and address the growing overrepresentation of Indigenous children in the child welfare system. This overrepresentation is rooted in a history of assimilationist policies which resulted in the forced removal of children from their families and communities and, in turn, their cultures and identities, creating long-term negative impacts. The Census of Population can offer some insight into the important issue of overrepresentation of Indigenous children within the child welfare system. Since 2011, “foster child” has been a response category within the household roster of the census questionnaire.