Journal of Attention Disorders, Ahead of Print.
Objective:Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of ADHD, but associations between risk factors and ADHD symptom severity in affected children remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes evidence on the association between familial factors and symptom severity in children with ADHD (PROSPERO CRD42020076440).Method:PubMed and PsycINFO were searched for eligible studies.Results:Forty-three studies (N = 11,123 participants) were meta-analyzed. Five additional studies (N = 2,643 participants) were considered in the supplemental review. Parenting stress (r = .25), negative parenting practices (r = .19), broken parental partnership (r = .19), critical life events (r = .17), parental psychopathologies (r = .14–.16), socioeconomic status (r = −.10), and single-parent family (r = .10) were significantly associated with ADHD symptom severity.Conclusion:These results suggest that psychosocial familial factors show small but significant associations with symptom severity in children with ADHD. Implications are discussed.