Abstract
BACKGROUND
During the early years of a child’s life, participation is essential for learning and development. Children with disabilities are at risk for decreased participation. The interplay between environment and participation is identified as one of the most important factors influencing successful participation. The objective of this scoping review was to synthesize peer‐reviewed literature about barriers and facilitators of participation according to the perspective of parents of children younger than six years with Attention Developmental Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder and/or Developmental Coordination Disorder.
METHODS
The scoping review followed Arksey and O′Malley’s framework. Relevant
studies were identified by a comprehensive search of scientific databases (PubMed and Web of Science). Studies describing perspectives of parents regarding their child’s participation, written in English, published between 2001 ‐ September 2017 were included.
RESULTS
A total of 854 articles were retrieved with 13 meeting the criteria. Elements contributing to perceived barriers and facilitators were identified and organized according to the International Classification of Functioning, Child‐Youth (ICF‐CY) framework. Concepts contained in these studies were linked to’activities and participation’ (general tasks and demands such as bedtime and dinner routines and social, civic life such as play and leisure). Environment‐focused factors identified were situated on ‘support and relationships’, ‘attitudes’, ‘services, systems and policies’.
CONCLUSION
The review revealed guidelines focusing on family‐centered care, communication with and providing information to parents with young children with Developmental Disabilities (ADHD, DCD and/or ASD).