This article
The journal investigated concerns about the quality of the work and the accuracy of the references, including concerns that several references did not exist. During investigation of these issues, the journal was also alerted to the possibility of review manipulation.
The author used generative AI to identify and understand referenced sources. They did not adequately verify these references prior to submission.
The article is retracted due to evidence of peer review manipulation, and because it includes references that do not exist. This results from undeclared AI use with inadequate oversight by the author.
The journal will inform the author’s organisation of the retraction.