This review offers a methodology for the comparative analysis of different sociolegal research cultures by tracing the distinct trajectories of their scholarly communities and academic traditions. Drawing on sociolegal studies and the sociology and history of science, we examine both microsociological (individual) and macrosociological (structural) dimensions to reveal how historical contingencies, institutional dynamics, and personal scholarly pathways have shaped each national approach to nondoctrinal legal scholarship. Employing four conceptual heuristics (intellectual histories, institutional economies, epistemic communities, and scholarly agency), we highlight the interplay between biography and academic structure, challenging dominant narratives of disciplinary development. While acknowledging the interdisciplinary and contested nature of sociolegal scholarship, we propose a comparative case study methodology through which to disentangle, and make sense of, the complexity of sociolegal studies in different cultures.