Criminal Justice and Behavior, Ahead of Print.
Criminal legal systems are increasingly adopting actuarial pretrial assessments which use statistical formulas to estimate individuals’ probability of adhering to pretrial requirements and guide the conditions of their supervision. A large gap in the study of pretrial assessments is due to inattention to implementation of these assessments in real-world settings. We conducted qualitative research examining personnel and data resource factors that influenced adoption and implementation of one pretrial assessment, the Public Safety Assessment (PSA) in seven counties in the United States. Qualitative interviews with legal and community actors were conducted and supplemented with implementation process data to elucidate personnel and data capacity factors impacting PSA adoption and implementation. Findings suggest that generally, jurisdictions with existing pretrial services programs were more likely to adopt the PSA and to encounter fewer barriers to implementation due to personnel and data infrastructure. Implications for PSA adoption and implementation in future pretrial settings are discussed.