Abstract
Academic inbreeding is a deeply ingrained practice which needs to be understood by reference to the medieval guilds. Drawing on the guild concept and associated benefits of forms of capital, a distinction is drawn between ‘guild‐route’ academics who have followed a privileged, linear path into academe and their ‘non‐guild’ counterparts who tend to enter later in their career from the professions or industry, often without a PhD. The tendency to represent early career researchers from a guild background as members of an academic proletariat is largely misleading and fails to take account of their privileged entrée into academe. Their experience is contrasted with those recruited via the non‐guild route who do not have the benefits of the valued social, cultural or symbolic capital needed to advance their careers. Policy implications are discussed to better understand the effects of academic social class on recruitment practices in universities.
摘要
要了解學術近親繁殖的現象，必須從學者行會力量對其造成根深蒂固的影響的角度理解 。學者透過行會力量的相關資本可獲得巨大利益。學者的培養背景可分為兩種：一種為學術行會背景出身的學者；另一種為業界實務背景出身的學者。通常在學術生涯的發展中，前者的純學術訓練出身有顯著的背景優勢；後者通常進入學術領域的時間較晚，而且沒有博士學位。學者行會背景出身的年輕學者經常被認為是學者無產階層，但事實上卻忽略了他們加入學術界所具有的優勢。與其迥然不同的是，業界實務背景出身的學者並不具有所需要的社會、文化或象徵資本的優勢來發展他們的學術生涯。最後，本文對大學相關制度進行建議，包括大學教師招聘制度。