Cuba is a country of contradictions. It has high levels of absolute poverty and low levels of relative poverty. It is a poor country11 with very strong health indicators. Even with the adjustments to life expectancy and infant mortality ratios as suggested by Geloso and colleagues, Cuban health indicators are excellent by global standards. In addition, the regime has promised and fulfilled human rights in the areas of social entitlements to health care, education, food, and housing, while it has consistently violated human rights as political and civil rights. Cubans tend to be intensely critical of their government’s failure to respect human rights, allow economic freedom, and permit political dissent, yet simultaneously proud of the Revolution’s anti-imperial stance, vis-à-vis the USA in particular, as well as its rejection of a version of life that valorizes capitalist bourgeois consumption. In the field of health, as Geloso and colleagues point out, Cuba has achieved high levels of population health through possible manipulation of data (although this is not unique to either Cuba or authoritarian regimes) and coercive public policies.