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Association between annual earnings and mental disorders in Spain: individual and societal-level estimates

Abstract

Purpose  

Indirect costs of mental disorders are considerable and include loss of work productivity. We aimed to study the association
between personal annual earnings and common mental disorders in Spain.

Methods  

A cross-sectional population study of a representative sample of noninstitutionalized adults from Spain was performed (ESEMeD-Spain).
CIDI 3.0 was administered to assess DSM IV mental disorders, and the Sheehan Disability Scales were used for severity appraisal.
Four categories of mental disorders were defined: 12-month serious, 12-month moderate, 12-month mild, and lifetime. Personal
annual earnings were assessed. Three models were fitted to estimate differences in annual earnings associated with mental
disorders, controlling for sociodemographic variables.

Results  

Prevalence rates of 12-month mental disorders were: mild 4.6%, moderate 3.8%, and serious 1.6%. Respondents with 12-month
serious mental disorder (SMD) were less likely to report any earnings compared to those with no mental disorders (OR = 0.16;
95% CI = 0.07–0.34, p < 0.001). The earnings gap associated with SMD at the individual level was € 3,935, about 55% less than individuals with
no mental disorders. Taking prevalence into account, the societal impact of SMD in Spain was estimated at € 1.40 million annually.

Conclusion  

This is the first study in Spain that describes the earnings gap between individuals with and without mental disorders. Despite
the low prevalence of SMD, they represent considerable societal-level productivity loss. Prevention and treatment of SMD should
improve work productivity.

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • Category Original Paper
  • Pages 1-9
  • DOI 10.1007/s00127-012-0485-x
  • Authors
    • Gabriela Barbaglia, Health Services Research Unit, IMIM, Institut de Recerca Hospital del Mar, 88, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader, E-80003 Barcelona, Spain
    • Gemma Vilagut, Health Services Research Unit, IMIM, Institut de Recerca Hospital del Mar, 88, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader, E-80003 Barcelona, Spain
    • Lucía Artazcoz, CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
    • Josep Maria Haro, Sant Joan de Déu-Serveis de Salut Mental, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
    • Montserrat Ferrer, Health Services Research Unit, IMIM, Institut de Recerca Hospital del Mar, 88, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader, E-80003 Barcelona, Spain
    • Carlos García Forero, Health Services Research Unit, IMIM, Institut de Recerca Hospital del Mar, 88, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader, E-80003 Barcelona, Spain
    • Jordi Alonso, Health Services Research Unit, IMIM, Institut de Recerca Hospital del Mar, 88, Carrer del Doctor Aiguader, E-80003 Barcelona, Spain
    • Journal Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
    • Online ISSN 1433-9285
    • Print ISSN 0933-7954
Posted in: Journal Article Abstracts on 02/21/2012 | Link to this post on IFP |
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