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A Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations on Subjective Well-Being: The Experience of Overnight Visitors to a National Park

Abstract  

According to the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) (Deci and Ryan 1985), intrinsic and extrinsic motivations can be differentiated with levels along a continuum representing distinct self-regulatory
styles for behavior. Behavioral regulations consider different degrees to which they represent autonomous or self-determined
functioning and specifically intrinsic motivations are characterized by the highest level of self-determination. Past research
into the SDT has highlighted correlations between reasons with high levels of autonomy or self-determination for engaging
in a particular behavior and enhanced Subjective Well-Being (SWB), as well as positive behavioral outcomes. Little is known
about the relationship between visitors’ reasons for visiting a national park, associated self-regulatory styles and their
self-appraisals of SWB. Therefore, the present research investigates the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivations
for visiting the Kruger National Park (KNP), associated self-regulatory styles and self-evaluations of SWB among 389 overnight
visitors. A structural equation model (SEM) is proposed to examine both the cognitive (life satisfaction) and affective (positive
and negative feelings) components of SWB in association to motivations with different degrees of self-determination. Reflecting
previous research, the results show that overnight visitors who are more intrinsically motivated have higher life satisfaction
levels, higher positive feelings and lower negative feelings. In contrast, overnight visitors who are less intrinsically motivated
have lower life satisfaction levels, lower positive feelings and higher negative feeling. The practical implications of these
findings are highlighted.

  • Content Type Journal Article
  • Pages 1-17
  • DOI 10.1007/s11482-012-9173-y
  • Authors
    • Francesca Cini, North-West University Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa 2520
    • Stefan Kruger, North-West University Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa 2520
    • Suria Ellis, Statistical Consultation Services, North-West University Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa 2520
    • Journal Applied Research in Quality of Life
    • Online ISSN 1871-2576
    • Print ISSN 1871-2584
Posted in: Journal Article Abstracts on 06/06/2012 | Link to this post on IFP |
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