This archival study reviewed 196 closed felony domestic violence files from a large southern city from the years 1999–2006. The purpose was to provide information on the co-occurrence of substance use and intimate partner violence (IPV) for male and female perpetrators on the day of the violent incident. Results indicated that of the 141 of 196 cases in which there was documentation about drug or alcohol involvement, 67.4% (n = 95) of the cases confirmed that there was drug or alcohol use on the day of the incident. Male perpetrators were significantly more likely to have been involved with alcohol and/or drugs the day of the violent episode than were female perpetrators. Sex of offender and race analyses revealed that the percentage of female IPV perpetrators (42.9%) was substantial and African Americans, particularly women, were overrepresented in IPV felony charges. Implications and suggestions for further research are discussed.