Risk for Maternal Harsh Parenting in High-Risk Families From Birth to Age Three: Does Ethnicity Matter?

Child maltreatment prevention programs typically identify at-risk families by screening for risk with limited consideration
of how risk might vary by ethnicity. In this study, longitudinal data from mothers who participated in a randomized clinical
trial of a home-visitation, child maltreatment prevention program (N = 262) were examined to determine whether risk for harsh parenting differed among mothers who identified themselves as Spanish-speaking
Latinas (n = 64), English-speaking Latinas (n = 102), or non-Latina Caucasians (n = 96). The majority of the participants were first-time mothers (58.4%), and the average age of all participants was 23.55 years
(SD = 6.04). At the time of their infants’ births, the Spanish-speaking Latina mothers demonstrated higher SES risk, whereas
the English-speaking Latina and non-Latina Caucasian mothers demonstrated higher psychosocial risk. Three years later, the
English-speaking Latina and non-Latina Caucasian mothers reported harsher parenting behaviors than the Spanish-speaking Latina
mothers. The need for prevention programs to consider how risk and protective factors differ by ethnic group membership when
identifying at-risk mothers is discussed.