Friendship in people with schizophrenia: a survey

To explore the quantitative and qualitative aspects of friendship in people with schizophrenia. To examine emotional and behavioural
commitment, experiences of stigma, and the impact of illness factors that may affect the making and keeping of friends. The
difference in the perception between the researcher and participants of the presence of problems in friendships was also investigated.

The size and quality of the social networks of 137 people with established schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, aged
18–65 in one geographical area of southeast England was ascertained using a semi-structured interview. Qualitative aspects
of friendship were measured using objective, pre-determined, investigator-rated criteria.

The mean number of friends reported by respondents was 1.57. Men were less likely to report friendships than women (29 vs.
53%, χ
² = 13.51, df 1, p < 0.001). Of the 79 people who had a friend, 75 named someone amongst fellow service users. The quality of these friendships
was generally good. Emotional commitment to friendship and mistrust were more important than current clinical state in determining
whether or not the participant has friends. Most of those without friends did not see the lack of friendship as a problem.
The researcher was up to three times more likely to report a problem than the participant.

The friendship network size was found to be small but the quality of friendship mostly positive and highly valued. The majority
of friendships were with other service users made during attendances at day hospitals and drop-in centres thus underscoring
the importance of this service provision. Psychosocial intervention programmes need to take into account psychological factors
that impact upon friendship.