Does Self-Compassion Mitigate the Association Between Childhood Maltreatment and Later Emotion Regulation Difficulties? A Preliminary Investigation

Child maltreatment-related outcomes range from no symptom expression to suicide. Increasingly, the diverse presentations have
been conceptualized as core system dysregulation, including emotion dysregulation. Self-compassion has been advanced as a
self-regulation strategy for countering negative self-directed emotions. This study explored whether individual differences
in self-compassion would play a role in loosening the associations among childhood maltreatment severity and later emotion
regulation difficulties. The sample consisted of transition-age youth (N = 81) seeking treatment for problem substance use. Self-compassion was negatively associated with emotion regulation difficulties
and childhood maltreatment, and predicted emotion dysregulation above and beyond maltreatment history, current severity of
psychological distress, and problem substance use. In addition, self-compassion mediated the relationship between childhood
maltreatment severity and later emotion dysregulation. These findings provide an impetus for further research into the relevance
of self-compassion for maltreatment-related impairment.