Directing idea generation using brainstorming with specific novelty goals

In a field experiment with students, we show that a specific, difficult novelty goal, whether presented alone or in conjunction
with brainstorming rules, improves novelty and creativity in individuals’ idea generation relative to brainstorming rules
alone when goal commitment is high. Because creativity is often correlated with idea quantity in brainstorming studies, we
controlled for idea quantity in order to demonstrate that the improvement is not due to changes in the number of ideas generated.
These findings suggest that specific, difficult goals beyond quantity can improve idea generation. We also separately measured
practicality and effectiveness of participants’ ideas. The results of these analyses suggest that goal commitment might be
an important determinant of usefulness, and deserves additional attention in studies of idea generation.