An Exploratory Study of Religion and Trust in Ghana

Based on individual-level data from 2008 Afro-barometer survey, this study explores the relationship between religion (religious
affiliation and religious importance) and trust (interpersonal and institutional) among Ghanaians. Employing hierarchical
multiple regression technique, our analyses reveal a positive relationship between religious affiliation and both measures
of trust among Ghanaians. A positive relationship between Catholic, Protestant, Muslim, Pentecostal/Evangelical faiths and
interpersonal trust compared to non/traditional religion are detected. The data also reveal that upon controls, only Catholic
and Pentecostal/Evangelical show significant positive effect on institutional trust among Ghanaians compared to non/traditional
religion. It is worth noting that religious importance does not significantly predictor of neither interpersonal nor institutional
trust among Ghanaians. The overall effect of religion on trust is weak, and weaker for institutional trust. Most of the difference
relates to the difference between world religions and traditional religions. Place of residence, political affiliation, region
of residence, ethnicity, and education are significant nonreligious predictors of both institution and interpersonal trust
among Ghanaians. The findings further show that whereas age significantly influences only interpersonal trust, gender, life
satisfaction, media exposure, sense of corruption, and sense of unfair treatment are significant factors molding institutional
trust among Ghanaians. Policy implications of the study are discussed, emphasizing the need to incorporate religious organizations
in efforts aimed at boosting interpersonal and institutional trust among Ghanaians. Religious-specific trust promotion program
is suggested as possible strategy likely to succeed in Ghana. The need for more detailed studies in this important but ignored
area is emphasized.