This report explores family trends in 45 countries. It begins by reviewing the process for selecting indicators, countries, and data sources. Key findings are then shared on family structure, family socioeconomics, family processes, and family culture. Results of the review indicate: the majority of families around the globe include two parents; children are most likely to live in two-parent families in Asia and the Middle East; the proportion of relative poverty for children ranges from 6% (Netherlands) to 33% (Peru), with the lowest rates found in Asia, Europe, and Oceania, and the highest rates found in South America; the lowest levels of parental educational attainment are found in Africa and the highest levels are found in North America and Western Europe; between 6% (South Korea) and 39% (Argentina) of 15-year-olds discuss political or social issues with their parents several times a week; the percentage of 15-year-olds who eat meals with their families regularly ranges from 62% in Israel to 94% in Italy; in the majority of countries, most adults believe that working mothers can establish just as good relationships with their children as stay-at-home mothers can; and in the majority of countries, most adults believe that children need a home with both a mother and a father to grow up happily. An essay is included that explores the links between the number of parents in the household and children’s educational outcomes in low-, medium-, and high-income countries. The essay presents strong evidence that children living in two-parent families in middle- and high-income countries are more likely to stay on track in school and demonstrate higher reading literacy than are children living with one or no parents.