The Affordable Care Act established the Health Profession Opportunity Grants (HPOG) Program to provide training programs in high-demand health care professions to Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) recipients and other low-income individuals. In 2010, the Department of Health and Human Services provided five-year grants to 32 grantees in 23 states. In its first year of funding, HPOG grantees launched their programs and enrolled and trained substantial numbers of participants. This brief describes the program and the progress made by grantees in the first year of funding. It also describes efforts to evaluate the success of HPOG.