Conclusions:
Medium- to high-intensity dietary behavioral counseling resulted in small but statistically significant changes in adiposity, blood pressure, and cholesterol, as well as medium to large changes in self-reported dietary and physical activity behaviors. Evidence for changes in physiologic outcomes was strongest for high-intensity counseling interventions. Medium- to high-intensity physical activity counseling resulted in increases in self-reported physical activity. However, there was limited evidence for maintenance of behavioral or physiologic effects beyond 12 months. Most trials of high-intensity interventions that had followup beyond 12 months showed persistent beneficial changes in adiposity and lipids, as well as improvements in self-reported behavioral outcomes