Making Sense of Meta-Analysis: A Critique of “Effectiveness of Long-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy”

Evidence-based practice depends in part on knowledge derived from relevant research. For any given topic, there are likely
to be many, potentially relevant studies; a careful appraisal and synthesis of the results of these studies is needed to understand
the state of the empirical evidence. Meta-analysis is widely used to combine results of quantitative studies; yet this method
is unfamiliar to many people and, as a result, meta-analyses are often uncritically accepted. In this article, we argue that
meta-analysis is only one component of a good research synthesis. We critique a recent metaanalysis on the effectiveness of
long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy, showing that this metaanalysis failed to meet current standards for the conduct and
reporting of systematic research reviews and meta-analyses. We demonstrate the use of AMSTAR, a straightforward tool for assessing
the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.