Public health campaigns that explicitly or implicitly stigmatize higher-weight individuals are proliferating. Underlying this trend is an assumption that weight stigma can promote healthier behavioral change. Substantial research comprising empirical studies, narrative reviews, and meta-analyses has linked weight stigma to poorer psychological and physical health. While many studies have investigated how weight stigma affected health behaviors such as dieting and exercise, additional work is needed to understand the direction and size of the relationship. Through a meta-analysis of 54 studies including over 40,000 participants from 11 countries, we sought to present a precise estimate of the relationship between weight stigma and health behaviors and test potential moderators of the relationship. The results showed that weight stigma was positively related to unhealthy behaviors and negatively related to healthy behaviors. These relationships were consistent across stigma type (self-stigma vs. stigmatization), the focus of health behaviors (dietary behaviors vs. physical activities), and sample characteristics. The implications for the role of stigma in health promotion are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)