ABSTRACT
Objective
This scoping review aims to comprehensively evaluate psychological intervention strategies for patients undergoing surgical treatment for oral and maxillofacial tumors. By assessing the effectiveness of existing strategies and the theoretical models or behavior change techniques employed, the study seeks to provide evidence-based recommendations for designing targeted psychological intervention programs.
Methods
The review adheres to the methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley and incorporates guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for scoping reviews. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed databases for studies published up to November 1, 2024. Two reviewers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction. Findings were integrated through descriptive analysis and social network analysis.
Results
A total of 88 studies published between 2004 and 2024 were included, covering 65 distinct intervention strategies and 37 outcome indicators. The interventions were founded on establishing trust between healthcare providers and patients, with health education as a cornerstone, Key strategies focused on individual psychological adjustment and behavioral change. Commonly reported outcomes included anxiety, depression, patient satisfaction, and quality of life. Social network analysis identified several behavior change strategies with high centrality, such as health education, psychological consolation, encouragement of self-expression and communication, relaxation training, mobilization of family and social support, cognitive-behavioral interventions, peer support, positive incentives, functional rehabilitation training, and meditation. These strategies demonstrated efficacy in alleviating psychological distress, facilitating cognitive restructuring, and improving quality of life and social functioning.
Conclusion
Patients undergoing surgery for oral and maxillofacial tumors face significant psychological and social challenges. The findings underscore the necessity of developing diverse, targeted, evidence-based psychological interventions tailored to the unique needs of this population, leveraging established behavior change techniques to improve postoperative psychological well-being and social recovery.