ABSTRACT
Humans can recognize emotions from vocalisations of various animal species. Our study examined whether human psychological differences in dark personality traits (as measured by SD3) and musician experience affect the decoding of emotions in animal calls. Respondents assessed the situation and the valence and intensity of emotion experienced by the animal in calls of piglets recorded in three social and one painful situation. With increasing psychopathy scores, individuals made more misclassification errors between social and painful calls and also perceived the social calls as more negative. Higher Machiavellianism scores were associated with a more positively perceived valence of social and painful calls. Furthermore, respondents with musician experience and using Czech (as opposed to English) positively shifted the perceived valence of social calls. These findings indicate that humans with higher psychopathic traits may possess mechanisms that blunt the difference between distressing and positive vocal signals, thus making it easier to exploit or manipulate others. Furthermore, interindividual personality differences and musical experiences influence how humans perceive emotions in vocal signals devoid of verbal cues. The implications are made for human-animal interaction, the general dark triad theory, and the perception of emotions in nonverbal human infant calls.