ABSTRACT
People from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds are recognised as a priority population in Australia’s National Drug Strategy due to their potential vulnerability to alcohol and other drug (AOD)-related harms. National data consistently report low levels of AOD use and treatment utilisation among CALD populations. This discrepancy is likely due in part to limitations in data capture, such as the narrow definitions of CALD variables used, as well as issues of underreporting. Current reporting does not always align with Australian Bureau of Statistics standards and may also fail to capture the complexity and diversity of CALD communities. While improving data collection is essential, data alone will not address barriers to treatment engagement or ensure tailored, culturally responsive care. This editorial argues for two complementary actions: strengthening the collection of CALD data in national datasets and developing a tailored and adaptable AOD treatment framework, co-designed with CALD communities.