ABSTRACT
This study examined and compared the prevalence and expression of psychopathic traits in a Portuguese sample of prisoners and community members, using the abbreviated version of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP-SF). The sample consisted of 766 participants (41.5% prisoners, 58.5% community members) of both sexes. Results indicated that prisoners presented significantly higher levels in all four facets of psychopathy. Males presented higher levels in all facets, regardless of context. The interaction between sex and context was statistically significant only in the affective facet: female prisoners presented similar levels to male prisoners, while females in the community presented lower levels. 31.4% of inmates scored high on psychopathy (≥ 70), compared to 2.2% in the community, demonstrating the discriminant validity of the SRP-SF. The results support the dimensional conceptualization of psychopathy and illustrate the utility of the SRP-SF for forensic screening. Practical implications for forensic assessment, prison intervention, and community prevention are discussed.