Abstract
This study explores the convergence of homelessness and environmental hazards within public discourse sources, focusing on three questions: How did public discourse sources differ in their portrayal of clearing the Zone, a contentious downtown Phoenix encampment? To what extent did Phoenix’s Safe Outdoor Space feature in local public discourse sources’ coverage of homelessness? How was exposure to environmental hazards addressed in public discourse narratives surrounding homelessness during the clearing of the Zone and creation of the SOS? We employed social constructionism and thematic analysis to identify and interpret themes within public discourse sources (n = 111 records) from January 1 to December 31, 2023. When feasible, we incorporated content analysis to quantify distinct themes. We identified three themes related to clearing the Zone: Blame, Support for the city, and Skepticism of the city, as well as three themes around creating the SOS: Support for the city, Skepticism of the city, and Alternative solutions. For environmental hazards, we identified one theme: Environmental concerns. Our analysis suggests the need for a three-pronged strategy: year-round protection from environmental exposures, elevating the voices of those with lived experience, and expanding investments in housing.
Public Significance Statement
Public dialogue surrounding homelessness and environmental hazards in Phoenix reflects broader national challenges. Media and government actors play a key role in shaping this discourse and, in turn, advancing equitable and collaborative solutions. Lasting change will require moving beyond blame to address structural causes, while amplifying the voices of those most affected by housing instability and environmental hazards.