Social workers and other professionals employed in child welfare and protection systems work in challenging conditions and are at risk for negative outcomes in professional quality of life. The present study sought to examine the prevalence and predictors of burnout, secondary traumatic stress (STS)—the principal components of compassion fatigue—as well as compassion satisfaction among child welfare workers (n = 1,563) in five Nordic countries. Results from the cross-sectional online survey indicated that more than half of the participants scored within the moderate range for burnout (58 percent), while 67 percent scored low on symptoms of STS. Compassion satisfaction was more evenly distributed, with 45 percent classified in the moderate range based on country-specific thresholds. Key predictors across outcomes included general health, turnover intentions, job satisfaction, perception of mastery, job demands, role conflict, and work-life balance. Workplace violence or harassment emerged as a strong predictor of STS. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening personal and organizational resources, monitoring and reducing excessive workload and role conflict, and supporting general well-being and work-life balance in the workforce.