Palliative Medicine, Ahead of Print.
Background:Resilience as a dynamic process plays a significant role in caregivers’ mental health. Little is known about gender differences in the resilience process and predictors of resilience in spousal caregivers.Aim:To investigate changes in resilience among wives and husbands of patients with advanced cancer over a 6-month posttreatment period, and identify different predictors of resilience between females and males.Design:This longitudinal, observational study was conducted from January to December 2022.Setting/Participants:Spousal caregivers of patients with newly diagnosed advanced cancer were recruited from five regional tertiary hospitals in China. There were three assessment points at 1, 3, and 6 months post-initial treatment. The dependent variable was resilience, and five independent repeated variables were investigated.Results:Totally, 179 wife caregivers and 133 husband caregivers were included. Resilience in both wife caregivers and husband caregivers increased over time (Wald χ2 = 29.83, p < 0.001) but husbands had higher levels of resilience than wives (Wald χ2 = 35.59, p < 0.001). However, there was no interaction between time and gender (Wald χ2 = 5.25, p > 0.05). Patient functional status, caregiver burden, social support, coping self-efficacy, and mutuality were predictors of resilience for wife caregivers. Meanwhile, patient functional status, caregiver burden and coping self-efficacy could predict resilience for husband caregivers.Conclusions:Healthcare providers may develop gender-specific interventions to promote resilience in spousal caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. This would improve mental health for caregivers in the process of palliative care.