Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, Vol 9(4), Dec 2022, 398-409; doi:10.1037/sgd0000486
Over the last decade, the manner in which gender dysphoria is defined has changed significantly, as have the presentations of transgender clients to specialist gender services. Although the use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to assess gender dysphoria is widespread, there is a lack of literature that assesses the methodological quality of these measures. To address the limits of the existing literature, the aim of the current study was to conduct a systematic review of PROMs that assess gender dysphoria. The systematic review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA and COSMIN methodologies. Five measurement studies met inclusion criteria. Results suggested that none of the measures could be recommended for use without further development. Poor content validity was evident across all measures and internal validity and construct validity were mixed, ranging from inadequate to very good. Measures that show promise for the future include the Gender Congruence and Life Satisfaction Scale, Gender Identity Reflection and Rumination Scale, Gender Preoccupation and Stability Questionnaire, and Transgender Adaptation and Integration Measure. A need to develop reliable and valid measures that are appropriate for use with adolescent samples experiencing gender dysphoria was also identified. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)