Abstract
Little is known about the association between patient activation, health, service utilization, and cost among mental health (MH) patients. Patients aged 18 to 64 with schizophrenia (Sz, n = 43), bipolar disorder (BD, n = 59), or major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 34) completed the Patient Activation Measure for Mental Health (PAM-MH), the Colorado Symptom Index, demographic, socioeconomic, treatment, and social support questionnaire items. Average PAM-MH score indicated BD patients the most activated (66.6 ± 17.5), Sz (57.4 ± 10.4) less activated, and MDD the least activated (55.4 ± 14.6). The MDD cohort had the highest ($27,616 ± 26,229) and the BD had the lowest total annual healthcare cost ($18,312 ± 25,091). PAM-MH score was inversely correlated with healthcare costs and regression analysis showed a PAM-MH score × gender interaction. The strongest negative relationship between PAM and cost was for males. These analyses support the inverse association between PAM-MH and healthcare service utilization and cost.