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The Primacy of Cognition in the Manifestations of Substance Use Disorders

Drug addiction is a serious public health problem that consists of a compulsive drive to take drugs despite repeated severe adverse consequences (1). Factors that influence the development and maintenance of addiction include access to drugs, social environment, genetic predisposition, and psychiatric comorbidities (2). Even in the absence of specific psychiatric diagnoses, certain psychological vulnerabilities may serve as substrates compounding the initiation of drug use and the development of substance use disorders. For example, individual who are sensation-seekers, impulsive, or behavioral disinhibited appear more prone to develop addiction to both licit and illicit substances (3–6). In this context, it is to be noted that not all individuals who try these drugs become addicted as about only 20% of people who have tried drugs become addicts (7). It is also worth mentioning that repeated exposure to moderate to large doses of some of these illicit drugs may be associated with well-known neuropathological consequences (8, 9) that might not be either necessary or sufficient for the development and the maintenance of addicted states.

Posted in: Open Access Journal Articles on 01/02/2014 | Link to this post on IFP |
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