Catatonia is a syndrome of psychological and motor disturbances commonly associated with mood disorders and psychiatric conditions, first described in 1874: Die Katatonie oder das Spannungirresen, (Catatonia or Tension Insanity). Patients with catatonia may experience loss of motor skills or constant hyperactive motor activity. According to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) criteria, the “with catatonic features” specifier can be applied if the clinical picture is dominated by at least two of the following: motor immobility as evidenced by catalepsy (including waxy flexibility) or stupor, excessive motor activity (purposeless, not influenced by external stimuli), extreme negativism (motiveless resistance to all instructions or maintenance of a rigid posture against attempts to be moved) or mutism, peculiarities of voluntary movement as evidenced by posturing, stereotyped movements, prominent mannerisms, or prominent grimacing, echolalia, or echopraxia.