Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Low-Income Women Considered High Priority for Receiving the Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Vaccine

The primary purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of low-income women considered
high priority for receiving the novel influenza A (H1N1) vaccine to improve communication in emergency preparedness and response.
Researchers sought to identify the factors that affect this high priority population’s ability to successfully comply with
vaccination recommendations. By utilizing an existing communication framework through the special supplemental nutrition program
for women, infants, and children (WIC) they were able to document the systems and infrastructure needed to foster constructive
responses in a sustainable manner in the future. Six focus group discussions with WIC clients (n = 56) and 10 individual interviews
with staff members were conducted at two WIC clinics in Georgia (1 urban and 1 rural). Data were collected after the 2009–2010
influenza season and analyzed using thematic analysis. Knowledge and attitudes regarding H1N1 differed among participants
with regard to perceived severity and perceived risk of influenza illness. Participants identified several barriers and motivators
to receiving the vaccination, as well as information needs, sources, and information-seeking behaviors. Similarities emerged
among both WIC clients and staff members regarding impressions of H1N1 and the vaccine’s use, suggesting that while the information
may be provided, it is not effectively understood or accepted. Comprehensive education, policy and planning development regarding
pandemic influenza and vaccine acceptance among low-income women is necessary, including improvements in risk communication
messages and identifying effective methods to disseminate trusted information to these high priority groups.