The Oxford House Model provides housing and rehabilitative support for adults who are recovering from alcohol and/or drug use and who want to remain abstinent from use. The model is a confederation of chartered community-based, self-supported rental homes that are operated under the umbrella of Oxford House World Services. Each house is self-governed and has at least six same-sex residents, who have a shared responsibility for adherence to Oxford House traditions, on-time payment of household expenses, completion of chores, and successful integration into the community neighborhood. Oxford Houses do not employ professional treatment staff, but residents are free to decide whether to seek psychological or substance abuse treatment by professionals or participate in 12-step self-help organizations (e.g., Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous) while receiving social support and guidance from fellow residents.