How to Interpret Infant Socio-Cognitive Competence

I review recent evidence that very young, pre-verbal infants attribute belief-like states when anticipating the behavior of
others. This evidence is drawn from infant performance on non-verbal false belief tasks. I argue that, contrary to typical
interpretations, such evidence does not show that infants attribute belief-like states. Rather, it shows that infants apply
an enhanced version of what Gergely (2011) calls the “teleological stance” to brief bouts of behavior. This requires them to parse behavioral sequences into goals
and rationally/informationally-constrained means of achieving them; however, it does not require the attribution of unobservable
mental states, like beliefs, that are causally responsible for behavior.