Hepatitis B and Liver Cancer Among Three Asian American Sub-Groups: A Focus Group Inquiry

Prevalence of hepatitis B among Asian Americans is higher than for any other ethnic group in the United States. Since more
than 50% of liver cancer is hepatitis B related, the burden of morbidity and mortality is extremely high among Asian Americans,
highlighting the need for culturally appropriate interventions. We conducted focus groups (n = 8) with a total of 58 Korean,
Vietnamese, and Chinese immigrants in Maryland to explore knowledge, awareness and perceived barriers toward hepatitis B screening
and vaccinations. Thematic analysis uncovered generally low levels of knowledge and awareness of hepatitis B risks, screening,
and vaccination; inter-generational differences; and barriers to prevention. Some differences arose across ethnic groups,
particularly toward perceived orientation to preventive activities and the role of religious groups. High rates of hepatitis
B infection among Asian Americans highlight the need for tailored interventions. These findings may assist policy strategists
in implementing interventions that will facilitate the integration and scale-up of hepatitis B education, screening, and vaccination
campaigns.