The purpose of this Resource Sheet is to summarise the state of our knowledge about the prevalence of child abuse and neglect. It provides an overview of Australian studies that have estimated the prevalence of the different forms of child maltreatment (i.e., physical abuse, neglect, emotional maltreatment, the witnessing of family violence, and sexual abuse). In this Resource Sheet the terms “child abuse and neglect” and “child maltreatment” are used interchangeably.