The ‘Protecting Australia’s children research audit’ aimed to identify any Australian research on child protection undertaken between 1995 and 2010 in Australia. The audit included research projects and program evaluations about child abuse and neglect, child protection, out-of-home care, universal prevention, and early intervention, which reflect outcomes of the ‘National Framework for Protecting Australia’s Children 2009-2020’. The audit builds upon earlier reports: ‘Audit of Australian Out-of-Home Care Research’, by Cashmore and Ainsworth, 2004, and the ‘National Audit of Australian Child Protection Research 1995-2004’, by Higgins et al., 2005. This report describes the number and type of research projects identified by the audit, gaps and duplication of research, and priorities for future research and data collection.