Many young children have developmental or behavioral problems that could be addressed or prevented with the right early response but that are not identified or treated, compromising children’s ability to perform up to their potential in school and leading to more costly interventions later. Because the quality of parenting is so critical to children’s development, parental or family difficulties-including maternal depression-can endanger childrens development. Yet, parents often do not receive needed medical or mental health care.This brief discusses state Medicaid and CHIP choices that can enhance delivery of medical, mental health, and related services to parents.