Category Archives: History
The paper argues that medical colonisation altered social stratification on the island and participated in making Puerto Rico ‘safe’ for colonial capital.
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Tagged american, author, department, published, puerto, rican, society, state
on 05/24/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Mirror therapy has stimulated a dynamic clinical and research agenda for the treatment of poststroke hemiparesis and phantom pain.
This paper tells a rather more complex story. Looking in detail at the efforts of the WHO European Regional Office, since the 1970s, to reform mental health policy across the region, it shows that the organisation's main policy successes in this field were achieved, not by circulating standardised data or policies, but by creating opportunities to share holistic, experience-based and context-sensitive knowledge of instances of best practice.
The concept of evidence has become central in Western healthcare systems; however, few investigations have studied how the shift toward specific definitions of evidence actually occurred in practice. This paper examines a historical case in psychiatry where the debate about how to define evidence was of central importance to nosological decision making.
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Tagged behavioral, classify, depression, journal, object, spring, tricky, wiley
on 05/21/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
This article examines the reasons for and impact of Ireland’s exclusion from the Divorce and Matrimonial Causes Act of 1857.
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Tagged abstract-, divorce, however, irish, matrimonial, private, publications, sage, urquhart
on 05/20/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
This article presents a detailed historical account of the Laurel Hill Association in Stockbridge, MA, and an overview of the scope of improvement theory and practice at the national level between 1853 and 1893, the period of village improvement’s greatest impact on the development of small town America.
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Tagged american, article, further, makker, national, practice-at-the, research, small, small-town, village
on 05/19/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
In an effort to unravel the diffusion and mechanisms of long-term fertility change, there is a growing body of literature on the intergenerational transmission of reproductive behavior.
A long-term analysis of the organization and administration of the Roman public debt, as well as the people involved in it, reveals that the central government of the Papal States established a stable financial system earlier than traditionally supposed and that, unlike that of other European states, it often used the capital raised from bond issues for charitable and productive purposes.
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Tagged behavioral, children, history, journal, life, mental hygiene, mexico, molina, spring, wiley, workers
on 05/15/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
In contrast to the common tendency to see war as the result of leadership decisions based on risk assessments, and political and economic considerations about gains or losses, we use a constructivist and institutional perspective to historicize and politicize the way “nation-state interests” and “nation-state preferences” even in a decision to go to war are socially constructed and culturally embedded.
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Tagged brink, feb, historical, institutional, issue, online-version, publishing, sociologyearly, transition, version
on 05/14/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
This case study is used as a way to engage with a larger theme in the history of medicine, namely, the tension between orthodox biomedical science and more traditional and alternative approaches to health care. T
Traditionally, American psychology at the turn of the twentieth century has been framed as a competition among a number of “schools”: structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, etc. But this is only one way in which the “structure” of the discipline can be conceived.
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Tagged behavioral, burman, burmanarticle, digital, history, issue, journal, psychology, review, schools, spring, wiley
on 05/12/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
This paper examines the existence of a mortality penalty for illegitimate abandoned infants in the Foundling Hospital of Madrid, La Inclusa, during the period 1890–1935, in the context of the mortality experience of the city.
This article explores how Cambridge and Cardiff poor law unions “found” families for illegitimate children between 1870 and 1930, even when doing so meant coming into conflict with national regulations.
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Tagged english-poor, frost, ginger-frost, legitimacy, publications, remove-children, sage, supervision, took-the-place
on 05/10/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Two revolutionary drugs were introduced into psychiatry in the early 1950s for the treatment of agitated mental patients — reserpine and chlorpromazine. These drugs initiated the modern era of drug treatment for schizophrenia and other psychoses. Early research revealed that, although the pharmacological profiles of the two drugs overlapped considerably, they had different mechanisms of action.
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on 05/08/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
ebooks.library.cornell.edu | New York: Charles Scribner's Sons
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on 05/07/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
The history of the American birth control movement and its leader Margaret Sanger continues to intrigue historians of women, social movements, and medicine.
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Tagged death, first, historical, history, medicine, navigation, scotland, united
on 05/05/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Whereas psychological research can hardly accept the idea of a changing psychological architecture, mind's historicity seems to be commonplace among historians of psychology, at least in recent decades. Attempts to promote a convergence between psychology and history have always existed, though mainly in the margins of both disciplines.
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Tagged database, database-record, developed, discipline, french, history, ignace-meyerson, king, meyerson, within-the-core
on 05/04/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
The Condition of the Working Class in England is the best known work of Engels, and still in many ways the best study of the working class in Victorian England. What Cobbett had done for agricultural poverty in his Rural Rides, Engels did - and more - in this work on the plight of industrial workers in England in the 1840s.
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on 05/03/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Mother Jones | B Jackson In his new book, Inside the Wire: Photographs From Texas and Arkansas Prisons, Jackson documents a society and economy whose roots were entwined with the antebellum South.
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on 05/02/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
The 1975 publication of Seeman et al. (Proc Nat Acad Sci, USA), reporting the discovery of the antipsychotic receptor in the brain, is a classic example of translational medicine research. In searching for a pathophysiological mechanism of psychosis, the team sought to identify sites that bound the antipsychotic drug haloperidol....The collective work is generally viewed as providing a fundamental basis for the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia.
Rockefeller Foundation | Adoption History Project Abraham Flexner was a member of the General Education Board (GEB) and a prominent proponent of educational reform in the United States.
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on 05/01/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Scholars typically distinguish between adversarial organizing and collaborative partnership with employers as competing roads to union revitalization. This article demonstrates that the British Trades Union Congress (TUC) borrowed organizing principles, techniques and animating aphorisms from America, but not a model of trade unionism.
As evidenced by laws addressing abandonment of the home and children, family preservation was paramount for early twentieth-century Latin American nation builders. The judicial record of abandonment cases from Guatemala demonstrates how men attempted to enforce their authority in the home and then enlisted state officials to uphold it when their wives or daughters defied them.
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Tagged abstract-, crimes, daughters, guatemala, latin, latin-american, publications, twentieth-century
on 04/29/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
memory.loc.gov
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on 04/28/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
bcarchives.gov.bc.ca
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on 04/27/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Rockefeller Archive Center | Bureau of Social Hygiene
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on 04/26/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
memory.loc.gov | American protective tariff league, New York
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on 04/23/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
While Pierre Bourdieu and other scholars have emphasized the devastating impacts that economic individualism had on peasant communalism, this study employs the djemâa as a case study of a “traditional” institution that proved flexible and enduring as rural society confronted settler land appropriations and a savage war of decolonization.
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on 04/22/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
As a concept, ethnogenesis presupposes a category of individuals that are not a group becomes a group. Most accounts of ethnogenesis exhibit two features: they confuse ethnogenesis with the resilience of ethnicity, and they describe the “emergence” of ethnic groups as a response to external circumstances.
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on 04/20/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
memory.loc.gov
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on 04/19/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Rockefeller Foundation
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on 04/18/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
ased on professional publications by Dutch psychiatrists and neurologists and on patient records from the Rhijngeest sanatorium near Leiden in the Netherlands, this article addresses the meanings and interpretations of this nervous disorder as put forward by doctors and patients.
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Tagged abstract-, article, author, based, maastricht, oosterhuis, psychiatry, rhijngeest, social, university
on 04/17/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
memory.loc.gov/ Founded Dec. 20, 1830.
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on 04/16/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
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on 04/15/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
This study seeks to illuminate patterns of refugee settlement in the Bengali Muslim diaspora since 1947, which replicate global trends identified by Aristide Zolberg in new nation-states.
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on 04/14/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
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on 04/13/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
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on 04/12/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Lecture and discussion from Professor Ingmar Persson (Gothenburg University), the discussant is Derek Parfit (Oxford)
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on 04/11/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
http://scholar.library.miami.edu The Civil Rights Movement and the Black experience in Miami reverberates with both strife and triumph. In Miami, as with other cities across the United States, cultural clashes between ethnicities contributed significantly to civil unrest and racial tension. Champions of equality whose lives and hearts were committed to making Miami a place of peace and understanding between races evolved out of a deeply segregated, yet shared environment.
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on 04/10/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
The growing population of children in foster care that began in the mid-1980s continued through the early 1990s due to rising rates of family poverty, teen pregnancy, substance abuse disorders, and the AIDS epidemic. Child welfare caseloads increased and more children seemed to linger in foster care. Mounting concerns about improving children's safety, coupled with the Clinton administration's strong interest in protecting well-being, ushered in a new era in the Children's Bureau. Increased collaboration and achieving timely permanency for the nation's waiting children became strong focuses for the Bureau and the administration, yielding the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997.
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Tagged -and-more, 1990s-due, aids-epidemic-, child-welfare, early, foster-care, read-more, through-the-early
on 04/09/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
history.brookes.ac.uk From the beginning of the eighteenth century a pattern of different forms of institutional provision for mentally disordered people emerged in England, which included workhouses, private madhouses, the voluntary mental hospitals, and then from 1808 the publicly funded county and borough mental hospitals. The historiography of mental hospitals has concentrated almost exclusively on the public mental hospitals, and continues to focus mostly on the nineteenth century. Little primary research has been done on the Registered Hospitals, as the voluntary mental hospitals became in 1845, and relatively little attention has been paid to the period in the twentieth century between c1920 and c1960, in which significant changes took place to the whole pattern of provision.
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on 04/08/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Wellcome Trust Centre
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on 04/07/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Frequently characterised as ‘racial riots’, the uprisings of the 1980s in Bristol, Brixton, Toxteth and Moss Side were significant reactions to the politics of late 20th-century Britain. This discussion brought together key witnesses to reflect on the context and legacy of these events.
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on 04/06/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
National Archives podcast
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on 04/05/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
“Home for Heroes” is among the most famous promises ever made by a British Prime Minister and one that had a profound impact on the nation’s housing, nowhere more so than in London. Nearly one hundred years on though and the capital still faces an uphill battle to provide decent housing for its growing population.
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on 04/04/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
National Archives During the 1950s, the Ministry of Pensions was suddenly faced with a substantial number of requests by individuals to change their gender status on their employment and pension records. Why was this? How did the (slightly) bewildered men at the Ministry deal with these requests? What does this have to do with fashion models like Christine Jorgensen and April Ashley, and why does this 50-year-old problem still persist in 2011?
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on 04/03/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Francis E. Townsend was a lean, bespectacled doctor from Long Beach, California. In 1933 he found himself unemployed at age 66 with no savings and no prospects. This experience galvanized him to become the self-proclaimed champion of the cause of the elderly. He devised a plan known as the Townsend Old Age Revolving Pension Plan, or Townsend Plan for short.
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on 04/02/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
appalachiancenter.as.uky.edu The Great Depression with its national reach exacerbated the already grim economy in the coalfields. Hennen writes that “[b]y late 1931, four thousand Harlan County miners, more than one in three, were out of work. Working miners made as little as eighty cents a day and worked only a few days a month.” Plagued by evictions from company houses, no other job possibilities, and even starvation, miners and their families were no longer able to rely on aid from the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA).
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on 04/01/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
A new order of labour relations lay at the heart of the New Deal. This article seeks to re-evaluate a well-known heterodox argument about why this order emerged and an associated critique of its consequences that has now influenced our understanding of the New Deal for over a quarter of a century.
figure 1: Tincture of cannabis, manufactured by William Ransom and son ltd.
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on 03/29/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
National Archives
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on 03/28/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
National Archives podcast
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on 03/27/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
The purpose of this paper is to offer evidence of his views regarding the exploration of those phenomena as well as the radical, yet alternative, solutions that James advanced to overcome theoretical and methodological hindrances.
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Tagged abstract-, author, brazil, dre, federal, health, junior, medicine, mindalexandre, psychiatry, school
on 03/26/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
During the heroic age of Antarctic exploration, there was much discussion on the role of alcohol. The explorers expected to be able to consume alcohol, and the expeditions were supported by companies producing alcoholic beverages that used the Antarctic connection in their advertising.
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Tagged abstract-, abstractduring, advertising, alcohol, arguments, derriford, hospital, however
on 03/25/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
The French civil service managerial reform initiated in 2007 was supposed to establish a brand new professional world where civil servants would be called to use new public management (NPM) methodology and tools in order to be more efficient and accountable.
Historians have recognized that men with drinking problems were not simply the passive subjects of medical reform and urban social control in Gilded Age and Progressive Era America but also actively shaped the partial medicalization of habitual drunkenness. The role played by evangelical religion in constituting their agency and in the historical process of medicalization has not been adequately explored, however.
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Tagged agency, article, author, briar, college, department, medical, medicalization, oxford, sweet, sweet-briar
on 03/23/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Rethinking Post-war Mental Health Care: Industrial Therapy and the Chronic Mental Patient in Britain
The article argues that we need to examine how the transformations of psychiatric practice in the post-war era affected individuals suffering from chronic mental disorder, via an analysis which encompasses the biomedical and social dimensions of intra- and extra-mural care. It focuses upon the development of industrial therapy units in British psychiatric hospitals, in which patients undertook industrial sub-contract work.
This article examines the phenomenon known as the “relevance debate” in South African psychology. It begins with a historical overview of the contours of the discipline in that country before describing the controversy's international dimensions, namely, the revolutionary politics of 1960s higher education and the subsequent emergence of cognate versions of the debate in American, European, and “Third World” psychology.
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on 03/18/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Arland Deyett Weeks (1871–1936) was an American educator and social reformer who published The Psychology of Citizenship in 1917 with the intention of compiling the psychological, psychobiological, and psychosocial knowledge needed for governing modern democratic Western industrialized societies, as well as offering suggestions for intervention and social reform in the educational, legal, and occupational domains.
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on 03/17/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
This article examines the position of the working environment within public health priorities and as a contributor to the health of a community. Using two Lancashire textile towns (Burnley and Blackburn) as case studies and drawing on a variety of sources, it highlights how, while legislation set the industry parameters for legal enforcement of working conditions, local public health priorities were pivotal in setting codes of practice
SSA The original Social Security Act provided only retirement benefits, and only to the worker. The 1939 Amendments made a fundamental change in the Social Security program. The Amendments added two new categories of benefits: payments to the spouse and minor children of a retired worker (so-called dependents benefits) and survivors benefits paid to the family in the event of the premature death of a covered worker. This change transformed Social Security from a retirement program for workers into a family-based economic security program (the 1939 Amendments also increased benefit amounts and accelerated the start of monthly benefit payments to 1940). The 1939 Amendments thus became a pivotal turning-point. Indeed, the 1939 law is probably second in importance only to the original Act itself in shaping Social Security in America.
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on 03/15/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Becky Taylor discusses issues of entitlement, belonging and outsiderness for Britain's Gypsy travellers in the 20th century, with a focus on housing, education and perception.
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on 03/15/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
BBC Ken Arnold explores how three European countries variously tell the history of mental illness. What do museums of madness tell us about who we were and who we are? Ken Arnold, Head of Public Programmes at the Wellcome Trust, visits three of Europe's old 'mad houses' that are now museums in Aarhus in Denmark, Haarlem in the Netherlands and Ghent in Belgium. Two of these institutions still function as psychiatric hospitals.
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Tagged bbc radio 4, belgium, mad houses, madness, mental-illness-, museums, netherlands, podcasts, resources
on 03/15/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
London School of Economics Library
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on 03/14/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
For over a century, melancholia has been linked to increased rates of morbidity and mortality. Data from two epidemiologically complete cohorts of patients presenting to mental health services in North Wales (1874–1924 and 1995–2005) have been used to look at links between diagnoses of melancholia in the first period and severe hospitalized depressive disorders today and other illnesses, and to calculate mortality rates.
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Tagged abstract-, andrew-hughes, bangor, david, historical, north, noury-stefanie, wales, ysbyty-gwynedd
on 03/13/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Cornell University
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on 03/11/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
This panel on child labor was part of the 100th anniversary remembrance of the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire, March 25, 2011.
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on 03/10/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
News Journal Esther Farquhar Kamp. A lifelong Quaker, Kamp devoted her life to service work, both in her capacity as an educator and as a social worker. She aimed to fulfill the Quaker testimonies of peace, justice, community, equality and simplicity.
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on 03/10/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
The study Suicide: An Essay on Comparative Moral Statistics by the Italian psychiatrist Enrico Agostino Morselli (1852-1929) is generally considered a major contribution to the European debate on suicide of the late decades of the nineteenth century and an important statistical source for Durkheim's own Suicide.
Russell Sage Foundation | Google
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on 03/08/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
The aim of this essay is to highlight the literary and scientific works of a Swedish psychiatrist, Josef Lundahl, an advocate of the mental hygiene concept. A close reading of his texts is used to provide an example of how the concept of mental hygiene was understood by a psychiatrist and practitioner of mental hygiene.
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Tagged josef-lundahl, literary, lundahl, mental, modern, social, sweden, swedish
on 03/07/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
INternet Archive | Cornell University Library pt. I. The approach to social case treatment: The opportunities of social case treatment, by K. de Schweinitz. Case work and social reform, by Mary Van Kleeck. The normal family, by Margaret F. Byington.--pt. II. Social case work with the physically or mentally handicapped: Offsetting the handicap of blindness, by Lucy Wright. The cripple and his place in the community, by Amy M. Hamburger. The sick, by Edna G. Henry. Principles of case work with the feeble-minded, by Catherine Brannick. Case work in the field of mental hygiene, by Elnora E. Thomson.--pt. III. Social case work with the socially handicapped: The fatherless family, by Helen G. Tyson. Desertion and non-support in family case work, by Joanna C. Colcord. The illegitimate family, by Amey E. Watson. The foster care of neglected and dependent children, by J.P. Murphy. Essentials of case treatment with delinquent children, by H.W. Thurston. The homeless, by S.A. Rice. Alcohol and social case work, by Mary P. Wheeler. The immigrant family, by Eva W. White. The soldiers' and sailors' families, by W.F. Persons
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on 03/06/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
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on 03/05/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
The medicalization of suicide has its history. This article explores one part of this history: the implementation of eighteenth-century lifesaving programs and their ramifications for the treatment of parasuicides and suicides. These programs are contextualized within early modern population politics.
London School of Economics Library
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on 03/03/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
National Archives How was the concept of obscenity governed in the absence of specific statutes that defined what was and was not obscene? To what extent was this governance an effect of the time and place in which it emerged? Drawing on early twentieth century case studies, all of which are compiled from files in the National Archives, Dr Louise Chambers investigates these questions in relation to the banning of novels whose narratives featured same sex relations between women.
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on 03/03/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
This paper explores the notion that the writing of history has played a role in the making of modern suicide, and that it can have its uses in its “unmaking.” Examples of the making of modern suicide come from the writings of nineteenth century doctors concerned with formulating new medical truths of suicide, and who came to describe well-known historical “suicides” (e.g., that of Cato) in terms of pathology as part of this project.
Posted in History
Tagged abstractthis, area, examples, formation, foucault, king, michel, oxford, published, suicide, university, work
on 03/02/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Smith College Sophia Smith Collection | Frances Fox Piven Papers Vol.1, No. 1
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on 03/01/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
In the latter part of the nineteenth century, venereal diseases were seen not only as a problem in Germany, but also in its colonial empire. In Germany, doctors believed that through their scientific training and education they could be successful in fighting VD through the use of a biopolitics aimed to educate and regulate the bodies of targeted groups.
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Tagged abstract-, control, german, medicine, oxford, public health, society, university, wartburg
on 02/28/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
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on 02/27/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
In the second half of the nineteenth century, the view that “[e]very case of melancholia should be looked upon as having a suicidal tendency” dominated among British asylum physicians. However, a generation earlier medical texts on melancholia contained only sporadic references to “suicide” and fewer still to the adjective “suicidal.”
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Tagged british, certificates, early, events, melancholia, propensities, psychiatry, statistics, victorian
on 02/26/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
This text develops three interwoven issues: first, a succinct comparative analysis of medical and psychiatric semiology, which proposes that the lack of referring relations between psychiatric symptoms and brain/psychic dysfunction is a fundamental distinction between medical and psychiatric semiology.
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Tagged ahumada, altable, altablehospital, author, dening-carlos, hospital, madrid, medical, second, text, third, universitario
on 02/25/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
This paper explores the usage of suicide statistics and the emergence of suicidology in nineteenth-century Scandinavia and Finland. Drawing upon texts from Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark—with a focus on Swedish language sources—it illustrates the significance that suicide statistics gained during this period, and pays attention to the question of how the Scandinavian discussion on suicide was linked to ideas from outside the geographic area.
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Tagged cross, denmark, nordic, published, scandinavia, scandinavian, sweden, swedish, university
on 02/25/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
1833
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on 02/24/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
This article analyses representations of bourgeois femininity in early twentieth century newspaper coverage of the ceremonial Opening of the Legislature in Ontario, Canada's largest and most populous province.
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Tagged article, cairnsarticle, historical, journal, mediated-civic, online-version, parliament, publishing, sociology, sociologyearly, state
on 02/23/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
Since the 1980s, rates of unionization have been declining in Mexico, as they have in many Anglo- and Latin American countries, contributing to the marginalization of a once powerful political actor. It has been argued that labor revitalization in Mexico will require institutional reforms to the Federal Labor Law.
After suggesting that all psychologies contain indigenous qualities and discussing differences and commonalities between German and North American historiographies of psychology, an indigenous reconstruction of German critical psychology is applied. It is argued that German critical psychology can be understood as a backlash against American psychology, as a response to the Americanization of German psychology after WWII, on the background of the history of German psychology, the academic impact of the Cold War, and the trajectory of personal biographies and institutions.
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on 02/22/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
This article charts the history of suicide statistics in Russia, exploring how multilayered associations between suicide and civilization were mapped upon perceived geographical, historical, and social fissures, both within Russia and between Russia and an abstract “west.”
The common image of a female wage earner in the U.S. in the decades around the turn of the 20th century is that of a young, single woman: the daughter of her family. However, the wives and mothers of these families also made important economic contributions to their families' economies. This paper argues that we need to rethink our evaluation of the economic roles played by ever-married women in working-class families.
‘Deliberate self-harm’, ‘self-mutilation’ and ‘self-injury’ are just some of the terms used to describe one of the most prominent issues in British mental health policy in recent years.
Posted in History
Tagged abstract-, american, angeles, deliberate, king, north-american, production, second, university, washington
on 02/18/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
From the onset, moral statistics were influenced by religious discourse. During the nineteenth century, Adolf Wagner discovered the “One Law” of sociology: Protestants always kill themselves more often than Catholics.
Charles MacKay (1852)
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on 02/16/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
When “antipsychotic” drugs were introduced into psychiatry in the 1950s, they were thought to work by inducing a state of neurological suppression, which reduced behavioral disturbance as well as psychotic symptoms. This view was reflected in the name “neuroleptic.”
Posted in History
on 02/15/2013 | Link to this post on IFP
